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All Journal International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Muhammad Izuan Fahmi Romli
Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Design and implementation of a dual microcontroller-based smart headlight control system using a dynamic load adjustment mechanism Liew Hui Fang; Rosemizi Abd Rahim; Muhammad Izuan Fahmi Romli; A. A. M. Ezanuddin; Shamshul Bahar Yaakob
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) Vol 17, No 2: June 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v17.i2.pp1339-1354

Abstract

Conventional automotive headlamp systems operate using fixed illumination levels and manual beam levelling, limiting adaptability to dynamic driving conditions such as vehicle load variation, speed changes, and ambient light fluctuations. These static systems may result in reduced visibility, increased glare, and inefficient energy usage. This paper presents a dual microcontroller-based smart headlight control system incorporating a dynamic load adjustment mechanism for real-time regulation of beam intensity and angle. Unlike conventional single-controller configurations, the proposed architecture distributes control tasks between two dedicated microcontrollers to enhance modularity and processing stability. The first controller performs adaptive intensity regulation through speed-dependent low-beam dimming and LDR-based high-beam glare control, while the second controller enables automatic beam levelling using rear suspension load sensing to compensate for vehicle pitch variations. The system was validated through Proteus simulation and hardware prototyping. Experimental results demonstrate low-beam modulation at 30%, 80%, and 100% brightness levels, high-beam voltage control from 0.04 V to 1.82 V, and adaptive beam angle adjustments under varying load conditions. Approximately 90% simulation-to-hardware agreement confirms system reliability. Compared to conventional systems, the proposed design offers improved adaptive illumination, glare mitigation, and energy-aware operation, supporting integration into modern LED-based automotive lighting platforms and electric vehicles.
Hybrid energy storage system for fast and efficient electric vehicle charging Liew Hui Fang; Muhammad Izuan Fahmi Romli; Rosemizi bin Abd Rahim
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 41, No 1: January 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v41.i1.pp45-60

Abstract

The rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) necessitates efficient and fast charging solutions to meet growing energy demands. This study introduces a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) designed to enhance EV charging performance. By integrating batteries and supercapacitors, the HESS leverages their complementary characteristics, optimizing energy storage and delivery. The primary problem addressed is the inefficiency and prolonged charging times of conventional EV charging infrastructure. A dynamic control strategy manages power flow between batteries and supercapacitors, significantly reducing charging times and improving system efficiency. This approach reduces battery size and optimizes power quality, utilizing a device with three 18650 lithium-ion batteries and four high-capacity supercapacitors. Simulations using MATLAB/Simulink and Proteus software demonstrate a charging time of 57 minutes for the storage system and 4.74 hours for a full EV battery charge, outperforming traditional methods. This project contributes to the design and implementation of a HESS for EVs, facilitating both efficient and fast charging capabilities.
Co-Authors A. A. M. Ezanuddin Liew Hui Fang Rosemizi Abd Rahim Rosemizi bin Abd Rahim Shamshul Bahar Yaakob