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All Journal Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Ach Zakyah Al Fauzi
Akademi Farmasi Mitra Sehat Mandiri Sidoarjo
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Comparison of Ethyl Acetate and Ethanol Solvents on Total Flavonoid Content from (Gnetum gnemon L.) Using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Panji Ratih Suci; Valiandri Puspadina; Andri Priyoherianto Andri Priyoherianto; Nurfitriawatie Nurfitriawatie; Fahmi Ardianti Purnawiranita; Achmad Misbakhul Maulana; Ach Zakyah Al Fauzi
Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia
Publisher : APDFI (Asosiasi Pendidikan Diploma Farmasi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33759/jrki.v8i2.951

Abstract

Melinjo peel (Gnetum gnemon L.) is an agricultural by-product that is generally underutilized, despite its high content of flavonoid compounds with potential antioxidant activity. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of ethanol and ethyl acetate as extraction solvents for flavonoids from melinjo peel based on differences in solvent polarity. Extraction was carried out using the maceration method, followed by quantitative analysis using spectrophotometry. Sample preparation involved drying and pulverizing the melinjo peel, extraction with ethanol and ethyl acetate at a material-to-solvent ratio of 1:10, phytochemical screening, thin-layer chromatography analysis, preparation of a quercetin calibration curve, and determination of total flavonoid content. Total flavonoid content was determined through the formation of a complex with aluminum chloride, and absorbance was measured at a wavelength of approximately 430 nm. Statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate differences between the two solvents. The results demonstrated that the ethanol extract produced a higher total flavonoid content (51.86 mg quercetin equivalent per gram of extract) compared to the ethyl acetate extract (46.05 mg quercetin equivalent per gram). The higher extraction efficiency of ethanol is attributed to its greater polarity, which enhances the solubilization of polar flavonoid compounds. In conclusion, ethanol is a more effective solvent than ethyl acetate for extracting flavonoids from melinjo peel, and these findings support the potential utilization of melinjo peel as a natural source of bioactive compounds for applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.
Activity of Nanoparticle Gel from Melinjo Bark Extract (Gnetum Gnemon L.) Against Propionibacterium Acnes Panji Ratih Suci; Fahmi Ardianti Purnawiranita; Ach Zakyah Al Fauzi; Achmad Misbhakul Maulana
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol. 8 No. 5 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v8i5.974

Abstract

Acne is a common skin problem that often occurs in teenagers and adults, and it can reduce confidence and quality of life. One of the main causes of acne is the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes, which lives in hair follicles and triggers inflammation in the skin. Conventional treatment usually involves topical or oral antibiotics, but long-term use may lead to resistance and reduced effectiveness. Therefore, natural alternatives are needed, including plant extracts with antibacterial activity. This study aimed to formulate a nanoparticle gel from melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) peel extract and evaluate its physical quality and antibacterial activity. The extract was obtained through maceration using 96% ethanol, then prepared into nanoparticles by ionic gelation with chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate. The nanoparticles had an average size of 44.01 nm, monodisperse distribution, and a zeta potential of +42.81 mV, indicating good stability.The gel formulations were tested for organoleptic properties, viscosity, spreadability, and pH. All formulas met the standard criteria for topical gels. Antibacterial testing showed that the nanoparticle gel (F2) produced a larger inhibition zone against P. acnes (6.6 mm) compared to the extract gel (F1) (5.7 mm). These results demonstrate that melinjo peel extract formulated in nanoparticle gel has good potential as a natural topical antibacterial agent for acne treatment.
Co-Authors Achmad Misbakhul Maulana Achmad Misbhakul Maulana Andri Priyoherianto Andri Priyoherianto Fahmi Ardianti Purnawiranita Nurfitriawatie Nurfitriawatie Panji Ratih Suci Valiandri puspadina