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All Journal Jurnal Unik: Pendidikan Luar Biasa Journal of Education and Teacher Training Innovation (JETTI)
Khimmataliev Dustnazar Omonovich
Chirchik State Pedagogical University
Humanities Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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Debate as a Tool to Enhance Motivation and Confidence in English Learning for Non-Philology Students Khimmataliev Dustnazar Omonovich; Yusupova Shirinoy Ortiqali Qizi
Journal of Education and Teacher Training Innovation Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Education and Teacher Training Innovation (JETTI)
Publisher : PT. Pusmedia Group Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61227/jetti.v3i2.192

Abstract

This conceptual study examines the theoretical framework and practical implementation of debate activities as pedagogical tools to enhance motivation and confidence levels among non-philology students learning English as a foreign language. A comprehensive theoretical analysis was conducted, drawing on established second language acquisition theories, educational psychology frameworks, and existing empirical research on debate-based language instruction. The analysis synthesized findings from Gardner's socio-educational model, Dörnyei's L2 Motivational Self System, and task-based language teaching principles. The theoretical framework demonstrates that debate activities address non-philology students' instrumental motivation by providing authentic professional communication contexts while building confidence through structured practice opportunities. The analysis reveals three primary mechanisms: relevance to academic disciplines, scaffolded communicative practice, and development of transferable professional skills. Debate activities offer a theoretically-grounded pedagogical approach that aligns with non-philology students' learning needs and motivational orientations. This conceptual analysis requires empirical validation through controlled studies measuring actual motivation and confidence gains.
The Effect of Virtual Reallity-Based Intervention on Walking Ability in Children with Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy : A Single-Subject Study Riksma Nurahmi Rinalti Akhlan; Nita Nitiya Intan Tanbrin; Euis Heryati; Khimmataliev Dustnazar Omonovich
UNIK (Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Luar Biasa) Vol 11, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30870/unik.v11i1.38970

Abstract

Children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy commonly experience limitations in walking ability, which significantly affect their functional independence and quality of life. This study aimed to examine the effect of a virtual reality–based intervention on walking ability in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. A quantitative approach using a single-subject research design was employed. Three children participated as individual cases based on predefined inclusion criteria. The intervention was implemented across three phases: baseline-1, intervention, and baseline-2. Walking ability was assessed using performance tests and systematic observation, with outcomes measured using the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM). Data were analyzed through within-condition and between-condition analysis to identify changes across phases. The results demonstrated a consistent improvement in walking ability during the intervention phase, with increased stability and higher GMFM scores compared to baseline conditions. Improvements were maintained during the post-intervention phase, indicating a retention effect. These findings suggest that virtual reality–based intervention provides effective motor stimulation and supports improvements in walking ability in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. Virtual reality may serve as a promising complementary approach in pediatric motor rehabilitation, particularly for enhancing motivation, engagement, and functional mobility.
Co-Authors Akhlan, Riksma Nurahmi Rinalti Euis, Heryati Nita Nitiya Intan Tanbrin Yusupova Shirinoy Ortiqali Qizi