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The Effect of Virtual Reallity-Based Intervention on Walking Ability in Children with Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy : A Single-Subject Study Riksma Nurahmi Rinalti Akhlan; Nita Nitiya Intan Tanbrin; Euis Heryati; Khimmataliev Dustnazar Omonovich
UNIK (Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Luar Biasa) Vol 11, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30870/unik.v11i1.38970

Abstract

Children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy commonly experience limitations in walking ability, which significantly affect their functional independence and quality of life. This study aimed to examine the effect of a virtual reality–based intervention on walking ability in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. A quantitative approach using a single-subject research design was employed. Three children participated as individual cases based on predefined inclusion criteria. The intervention was implemented across three phases: baseline-1, intervention, and baseline-2. Walking ability was assessed using performance tests and systematic observation, with outcomes measured using the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM). Data were analyzed through within-condition and between-condition analysis to identify changes across phases. The results demonstrated a consistent improvement in walking ability during the intervention phase, with increased stability and higher GMFM scores compared to baseline conditions. Improvements were maintained during the post-intervention phase, indicating a retention effect. These findings suggest that virtual reality–based intervention provides effective motor stimulation and supports improvements in walking ability in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. Virtual reality may serve as a promising complementary approach in pediatric motor rehabilitation, particularly for enhancing motivation, engagement, and functional mobility.
Developing an Inclusive Numeracy Assessment for a Blind Student in using the ADDIE Model Arrumaisha Nur Rahmah; Endang Rochyadi; Nadiyah 'Ufairah Muqsithah AM; Widya Annisa Sari; Nita Nitiya Intan Tanbrin
EDUKASIA Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Edukasia: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran
Publisher : LP. Ma'arif Janggan Magetan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62775/edukasia.v6i2.1625

Abstract

In a society where numbers and visual representations dominate daily life, how can one assess the numeracy skills of children who are unable to perceive numbers visually? This critical question served as the foundation for research that sought to reconceptualize the nature of mathematics assessment for students with visual impairments. The primary aim of the research was to design a numeracy assessment instrument that is not only valid and reliable but also empathetic and responsive to the sensory needs of these learners. To achieve this, the instrument was developed by integrating the ADDIE instructional design model with the inclusive Merdeka Curriculum, while adapting numeracy indicators derived from the theoretical frameworks of Piaget and Bloom to suit the characteristics of visually impaired students. The results demonstrate that the finalized instrument, comprising 48 validated items tested with a visually impaired student, effectively measures numeracy competencies. This research contributes to the field by introducing a curriculum-based, multisensory assessment tool specifically created for visually impaired students in the Indonesian context.
Garden-Mind: A Community Based Non-Formal Education Model through Hydroponic Therapeutic Gardening for Student Development at LPKA Bandung Hendriano Meggy; Nita Nitiya Intan Tanbrin; Selfiyani Lestari; Kholifatul Novita Ningsih; Kayla Athaya Kaerunnisa; Intan Nurul Azkiy Azkiya; Widya Annisa Sari; Khairunnisa Kamilah
Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Indonesia (JPPI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Indonesia (JPPI), 2026 (3)
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Bima Berilmu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53299/jppi.v6i3.4665

Abstract

Student affairs services in non-formal education, particularly in Indonesian juvenile correctional institutions (Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak, LPKA), have yet to fully integrate a community-based education approach, leading to fragmented and reactive service delivery. This study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate the Garden-Mind program as a community-based management model of student affairs that integrates hydroponic-based therapeutic gardening with group guidance and counseling at the Class II Juvenile Correctional Institution of Bandung. Employing a participatory action research approach with a pre–post intervention design, the program ran for eight weeks (16 ninety-minute sessions) involving 15 purposively selected juvenile residents. Data were collected through the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZUNG-SAS), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), learner journals, structured observation, and focus group discussions, and were analysed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (with effect-size r) and six-phase thematic analysis. Findings indicate a significant reduction in anxiety scores (28.4%; r = 0.87, large effect) and stress scores (31.7%; r = 0.89, large effect), with p < 0.001. Qualitative analysis identified four themes of transformation: learner ownership, cohesive learning community, contextual life skills, and positive future orientation. The study theoretically contributes the Model of Community-Based Student Affairs Service Development (MPLSBC) as an integrative managerial framework and practically recommends repositioning LPKA student affairs services from a reactive stance toward a measurable, replicable, and equitable community-based framework that may be standardized across juvenile correctional institutions in Indonesia.