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All Journal Daengku: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Innovation International Journal of Educational Innovation and Research
Sarom Mok
Royal University of Phnom Penh, Phnom Penh
Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mathematics Other

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Examining the Relationships among Servant Leadership, Organizational Commitment, and Job Satisfaction within Government Organizations in Cambodia Sarom Mok; Ramy Chhun; Mengheang Hor; Kosal Thay; Chamnan Sok
Daengku: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Innovation Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : PT Mattawang Mediatama Solution

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35877/454RI.daengku4921

Abstract

Although servant leadership (SELE) has been understudied, especially in the public sector, it has been a popular topic in contemporary leadership theories and has been linked to outcomes like job satisfaction (JOSA) and organizational commitment (ORCO). Given its importance, this study was to ascertain if official JOSA and ORCO were predicted by government official perceptions of SELE, and whether ORCO moderated the relationship between SELE and JOSA. This study used a correlational research design. A structured questionnaire was used to gather data from 224 government officials from various departments both in leadership and non-leadership roles. The Servant Leadership Seven, the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire, and the Abridged Job Descriptive Index were among the online surveys used to gather data for the study. Multiple regression to examine moderation effects, an independent-samples t-test, and Pearson correlations were among the statistical methods used. The findings showed a correlation between higher levels of ORCO and JOSA among government officials and higher perceptions of SELE. There was a significant positive correlation found between department leader JOSA, top management, and SELE, indicating that SELE is linked to government official attitudes at several organizational levels. The results also revealed that managerial self-ratings of SELE differed significantly from non-managerial ratings, with leaders giving their leadership behaviors higher ratings than officials. While organizational commitment and servant leadership both strongly predicted job satisfaction, the moderation analysis revealed that ORCO did not moderate the connection between SELE and JOSA. The findings imply that staff morale and institutional loyalty are positively impacted by SELE. The results emphasize how crucial SELE is in influencing official attitudes in government organization settings and imply that its beneficial effects hold true for all government official roles.
Advancing Public Hospital Responsiveness and Satisfaction among Patients in Cambodia: A Focus on Healthcare Services Kosal Thay; Sovantha Ros; Phyny Sin; Chamnan Sok; Sarom Mok; Sereyrath Em
Daengku: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Innovation Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : PT Mattawang Mediatama Solution

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35877/454RI.daengku4966

Abstract

The aims of this study were to investigate the level of public hospital responsiveness, the level of patient satisfaction after using healthcare services in public hospitals and to examine the relationship between the two variables. This study used a quantitative correlational design, and data were collected through a questionnaire. The participants were 220 patients attending public hospitals in Cambodia. The data analysis was performed using statistical package for the social sciences version 25, and descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to answer the research questions. The results showed high hospital responsiveness and patient satisfaction with 4.15 and 4.36 means respectively. There was a moderate and significant correlation between hospital responsiveness and patient satisfaction (r=0.34, p<0.01). The results indicated that the improvement of hospital responsiveness can enhance patient satisfaction. Additionally, public hospitals need to improve the responsiveness to get patient satisfaction which is the core element of the patient-centered service delivery. The study is original in providing empirical evidence on the relationship between hospital responsiveness and patient satisfaction in Cambodian public hospitals, an area that has been subject to limited systematic investigation. Responsiveness and patient satisfaction have been well-studied in other countries but there are few quantitative, data-driven studies of public hospitals in Cambodia, especially from the perspective of the patients.
Pushed by Pain or Pulled by Vision: Transformational Leadership and Its Implications on Curriculum Reform within Higher Education Institutions in the Khmer Context Sarom Mok; Neavea Tep; Satya Yen; Mengheang Hor; Pisith Hok; Chamnab Voeun
Daengku: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Innovation Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : PT Mattawang Mediatama Solution

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35877/454RI.daengku5024

Abstract

Higher education institutions (HEIs) are under growing pressure to change their curricula in order to promote sustainability, creativity, and equity in an educational environment that is changing quickly due to new trends and labor demands. The issue is that the Khmer HEI faculty members continue to struggle to undertake meaningful curricular change. Studies on the impact of transformational leadership on curriculum reform in HEIs are scarce in the literature, despite the expanding corpus of research on curriculum implementation. This fundamental qualitative study aims to investigate the effects of transformational leadership on curricular reform among faculty members in the Khmer HEIs. The theoretical frameworks employed in this study were: (i) change leadership theory; and (ii) reconceptualist curriculum theory. The purpose of this study was to investigate how transformational leadership behaviors and methods affect curriculum reform in the Khmer HEIs. Twenty-five people were chosen to make up the sample from the target demographic of the Khmer HEI faculty members using purposeful sampling. Each participant had to meet three requirements for inclusion: they had to be employed at the research location for at least three years, be knowledgeable about curriculum reform, and have a theoretical grasp of transformational leadership. Semi-structured interview techniques were used to gather the data, and the NVivo was used to analyze it using Braun and Clarke’s (2019) theme analysis methodology. This study illustrated the beneficial effects of transformational leadership behaviors and techniques on curriculum reform in the Khmer HEIs. The results demonstrated that through enhancing engagement and communication, boosting support, promoting diversity, and facilitating knowledge sharing and collaboration, transformational leadership behaviors and techniques helped the Khmer HEIs alter their curricula. The findings of this study may help policymakers and educational leaders implement successful leadership models to assist curriculum reform by leading to better academic results and institutional change in higher education.
Developing and Validating a Model of Innovative Personality for High School Directors in Cambodia Tonghor Hab; Sarom Mok; Chumnor Lek
International Journal of Educational Innovation and Research Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Majalengka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31949/ijeir.v5i2.18949

Abstract

An innovative personality is central to developing innovative human capital, enhancing personal characteristics, and boosting national economies; consequently, schools play a vital role in building human resources that meet societal needs. This study aimed to validate a scale measuring the innovative personality of high school directors. A survey was conducted with 820 high school teachers across four Cambodian provinces to evaluate their perceptions of their principals’ task implementation. The 5-point Likert scale assessed school directors’ openness, leadership, and courage. Both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were employed. The EFA results demonstrated a robust three-dimensional structure with strong indicators, which was subsequently supported by the excellent model fit indices derived from the CFA. Further analysis revealed positive correlations across the subscales, confirming that convergent validity was achieved. The CFA fit indices demonstrated that the model fits the empirical data exceptionally well: X2/df = 2.32, p < 0.001, GFI = 0.99, NFI = 0.95, CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.96, SRMR = 0.028, and RMSEA = 0.058. These findings indicate that the instrument is highly appropriate for the Cambodian secondary school context. Future research may extend the use of this scale to other educational levels to further examine its reliability and validity.
Focused Leadership Influencing the Development, Effectiveness and Sustainability of Professional Learning Communities: Evidence from TVET Institutions in Cambodia Chamnan Sok; Kosal Thay; Sovantha Ros; Phyny Sin; Tonghor Hab; Sarom Mok
Daengku: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Innovation Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026)
Publisher : PT Mattawang Mediatama Solution

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35877/454RI.daengku5108

Abstract

Although Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) have been widely touted as a way to enhance student learning and instructional practice, many PLCs have failed to attain sustained effectiveness because of inconsistent or distracted leadership. This concurrent mixed-methods study looked at how focused, purpose-driven leadership affected the sustainability and efficacy of PLCs in Cambodian TVET Institutions. The study examined how leadership behaviors pertaining to clarity, cooperation, structural support, and trust affected PLC practices and educational efficacy under the guidance of transformational leadership theory. A researcher-developed Likert-scale survey measuring leadership behaviors, PLC effectiveness, collective efficacy, and organizational conditions was used to gather quantitative data from 150 teachers. In order to investigate lived experiences with leadership behaviors in PLC contexts, semi-structured interviews with twenty educators—including teachers, instructional coaches, PLC leads, department chairs, and administrators—were used to collect qualitative data. Strong positive correlations between focused leadership behaviors and PLC effectiveness were found through quantitative analyses, especially in the areas of goal clarity, accountability, trust-building, and structural support. Four themes emerged from the qualitative analysis: (1) clarity and direction are established by focused leadership; (2) collaboration quality is directly impacted by leadership activities; (3) PLC sustainability is shaped by time and structural support; and (4) effective PLCs require a foundation of relational trust. Relational trust emerged as a crucial mechanism promoting long-term collaboration and collective efficacy, and integrated findings showed convergence around the significance of clarity, consistency, and intentional leadership behaviors. The results provide useful implications for school administrators looking to enhance collaborative practice and instructional coherence. They indicate that focused, transformational leadership enhances PLC functioning and professional learning outcomes. The results were meant to guide leadership development initiatives and provide school administrators with practical tactics for creating strong, well-functioning professional communities that promote the achievement of both teachers and students.
Co-Authors Chamnab Voeun Chamnan Sok Chamnan Sok Chumnor Lek Kosal Thay Kosal Thay Mengheang Hor Mengheang Hor Neavea Tep Phyny Sin Pisith Hok Ramy Chhun Satya Yen Sereyrath Em Sovantha Ros Tonghor Hab Tonghor Hab