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Fear in the Perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith: Semantic, Theological, and Spiritual Analysis of Khauf, Khasyyah, and Rahbah Rusdina Rusdina; Mahyuddin Barni; Abdul Basir; Ali Muammar
AL GHAZALI: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 6 No. 2: Maret-April 2026
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Al-Jami Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69900/ag.v6i2.524

This study examines the concept of “fear” from the perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith through semantic, theological, and spiritual analysis, focusing on the terms khauf, khasyyah, and rahbah. The study reveals that fear in Islam is not merely an emotional reaction but a multidimensional spectrum with moral, spiritual, and social functions. Khauf represents basic fear of punishment and sin, rahbah reflects fear combined with spiritual longing, while khasyyah is a transcendental fear arising from knowledge and reverence of Allah. This hierarchy forms the structure of a servant’s spiritual journey from self-awareness to divine consciousness. The findings highlight that balanced fear promotes sincere obedience, self-discipline, and spiritual maturity, whereas misinterpretation can lead to extremism. Understanding the concept of fear correctly is essential for fostering moderate and harmonious Islamic spirituality.

The Concept of Tawassuṭ and Religious Moderation in the Perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith: Principles of Balance, Justice, and the Rejection of Extremism Hary Nurdi; Mahyuddin Barni; Abdul Basir; Ali Muammar
AL GHAZALI: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 6 No. 1: Januari-Februari 2026
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Al-Jami Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69900/ag.v6i1.522

This study aims to examine the concept of tawassuth and religious moderation based on Islamic doctrinal sources and to analyze their relevance to the dynamics of Muslim life in the contemporary era. Using the library research method, this study finds that religious moderation represents an integral theological and ethical framework in Islam, as well as a solution to various modern religious issues such as intolerance, social polarization, and misunderstandings of religious doctrine. The findings affirm that tawassuth is not merely a moral value, but a foundational religious principle that is inclusive, adaptive, and supportive of the creation of a harmonious and civilized social order. Tawassuth, or the attitude of moderation, constitutes a principal teaching in Islam that emphasizes balance, justice, and the avoidance of extremism in religious practice. From the perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith, religious moderation is understood as the ideal identity of the Muslim community, as reflected in the concept of ummatan wasathan in Qur’an Surah al-Baqarah [2]:143. This concept teaches the importance of practicing religion proportionally neither excessively (ifrâṭ) nor negligently (tafrîṭ) while upholding values of public good, tolerance, and social responsibility. The Hadith of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) further emphasizes the importance of simplicity, prudence in religious practice, and the prohibition of radicalism and fanaticism that may undermine social harmony

Character Education from the Perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith as a Foundation for Shaping a Complete Muslim Personality Mukhlis Mukhlis; Mahyuddin Barni; Abdul Basir; Ali Muammar
AL GHAZALI: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Al-Jami Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69900/ag.v5i2.525

This study aims to conceptually examine how the Qur’an and Hadith serve as the fundamental foundations for shaping human character, emphasizing the importance of integrating knowledge, faith, and righteous deeds in education. This research employs a library research method, based on the review of several articles, journals, and other scientific works related to the entered keywords through Google Scholar, as well as utilizing the POP (Publish or Perish) application to find studies relevant to this topic. The findings reveal that Islamic character education does not merely focus on shaping outward behavior but rather emphasizes the purification of the soul (tazkiyatun nafs) and the strengthening of internal moral values. Therefore, character education grounded in the Qur’an and Hadith holds high relevance in developing a generation of Muslims with noble character, competitiveness, and positive contributions to society and global civilization

The Role of Reason in Structuring Islamic Spirituality as a Framework for the Formation of Faith According to the Qur’an and the Sunnah Wahidah Wahidah; Mahyuddin Barni; Abdul Basir; Ali Muammar
AL GHAZALI: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 6 No. 1: Januari-Februari 2026
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Al-Jami Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69900/ag.v6i1.533

This study aims to examine the role of reason in framing Islamic spirituality as a foundation of faith according to the perspectives of the Qur’an and the Sunnah. In Islamic tradition, reason holds a significant position as a human instrument for understanding the signs of divinity, interpreting revealed teachings, and developing a strong and well-directed spiritual consciousness. This research employs a literature review method by examining primary sources such as the Qur’an, authentic hadiths, and the works of both classical and contemporary scholars who discuss the relationship between reason, spirituality, and faith. The findings indicate that reason is not merely a rational tool but also a means of perfecting faith by strengthening conviction through reflection, contemplation, and internalization of the principles of monotheism. The study reveals that reason and spirituality are not two opposing poles; rather, they are complementary aspects that together construct a comprehensive framework of faith. Accordingly, this research affirms that the integration of reason and spirituality constitutes the core of establishing strong faith in Islam, as demonstrated in various Qur’anic verses and prophetic traditions. Overall, this article is expected to offer a theoretical contribution to understanding the construction of Islamic faith that balances rational and spiritual dimensions, and to serve as a reference for Islamic studies that adopt an integrative approach between revelation and intellect

The Concept of Tawassuṭ and Religious Moderation in the Perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith: Principles of Balance, Justice, and the Rejection of Extremism Hary Nurdi; Mahyuddin Barni; Abdul Basir; Ali Muammar
AL GHAZALI: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 6 No. 1: Januari-Februari 2026
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Al-Jami Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69900/ag.v6i1.522

This study aims to examine the concept of tawassuth and religious moderation based on Islamic doctrinal sources and to analyze their relevance to the dynamics of Muslim life in the contemporary era. Using the library research method, this study finds that religious moderation represents an integral theological and ethical framework in Islam, as well as a solution to various modern religious issues such as intolerance, social polarization, and misunderstandings of religious doctrine. The findings affirm that tawassuth is not merely a moral value, but a foundational religious principle that is inclusive, adaptive, and supportive of the creation of a harmonious and civilized social order. Tawassuth, or the attitude of moderation, constitutes a principal teaching in Islam that emphasizes balance, justice, and the avoidance of extremism in religious practice. From the perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith, religious moderation is understood as the ideal identity of the Muslim community, as reflected in the concept of ummatan wasathan in Qur’an Surah al-Baqarah [2]:143. This concept teaches the importance of practicing religion proportionally neither excessively (ifrâṭ) nor negligently (tafrîṭ) while upholding values of public good, tolerance, and social responsibility. The Hadith of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) further emphasizes the importance of simplicity, prudence in religious practice, and the prohibition of radicalism and fanaticism that may undermine social harmony

Character Education from the Perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith as a Foundation for Shaping a Complete Muslim Personality Mukhlis Mukhlis; Mahyuddin Barni; Abdul Basir; Ali Muammar
AL GHAZALI: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Al-Jami Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69900/ag.v5i2.525

This study aims to conceptually examine how the Qur’an and Hadith serve as the fundamental foundations for shaping human character, emphasizing the importance of integrating knowledge, faith, and righteous deeds in education. This research employs a library research method, based on the review of several articles, journals, and other scientific works related to the entered keywords through Google Scholar, as well as utilizing the POP (Publish or Perish) application to find studies relevant to this topic. The findings reveal that Islamic character education does not merely focus on shaping outward behavior but rather emphasizes the purification of the soul (tazkiyatun nafs) and the strengthening of internal moral values. Therefore, character education grounded in the Qur’an and Hadith holds high relevance in developing a generation of Muslims with noble character, competitiveness, and positive contributions to society and global civilization

The Role of Reason in Structuring Islamic Spirituality as a Framework for the Formation of Faith According to the Qur’an and the Sunnah Wahidah Wahidah; Mahyuddin Barni; Abdul Basir; Ali Muammar
AL GHAZALI: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 6 No. 1: Januari-Februari 2026
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Al-Jami Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69900/ag.v6i1.533

This study aims to examine the role of reason in framing Islamic spirituality as a foundation of faith according to the perspectives of the Qur’an and the Sunnah. In Islamic tradition, reason holds a significant position as a human instrument for understanding the signs of divinity, interpreting revealed teachings, and developing a strong and well-directed spiritual consciousness. This research employs a literature review method by examining primary sources such as the Qur’an, authentic hadiths, and the works of both classical and contemporary scholars who discuss the relationship between reason, spirituality, and faith. The findings indicate that reason is not merely a rational tool but also a means of perfecting faith by strengthening conviction through reflection, contemplation, and internalization of the principles of monotheism. The study reveals that reason and spirituality are not two opposing poles; rather, they are complementary aspects that together construct a comprehensive framework of faith. Accordingly, this research affirms that the integration of reason and spirituality constitutes the core of establishing strong faith in Islam, as demonstrated in various Qur’anic verses and prophetic traditions. Overall, this article is expected to offer a theoretical contribution to understanding the construction of Islamic faith that balances rational and spiritual dimensions, and to serve as a reference for Islamic studies that adopt an integrative approach between revelation and intellect

Fear in the Perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith: Semantic, Theological, and Spiritual Analysis of Khauf, Khasyyah, and Rahbah Rusdina Rusdina; Mahyuddin Barni; Abdul Basir; Ali Muammar
AL GHAZALI: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 6 No. 2: Maret-April 2026
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Al-Jami Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69900/ag.v6i2.524

This study examines the concept of “fear” from the perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith through semantic, theological, and spiritual analysis, focusing on the terms khauf, khasyyah, and rahbah. The study reveals that fear in Islam is not merely an emotional reaction but a multidimensional spectrum with moral, spiritual, and social functions. Khauf represents basic fear of punishment and sin, rahbah reflects fear combined with spiritual longing, while khasyyah is a transcendental fear arising from knowledge and reverence of Allah. This hierarchy forms the structure of a servant’s spiritual journey from self-awareness to divine consciousness. The findings highlight that balanced fear promotes sincere obedience, self-discipline, and spiritual maturity, whereas misinterpretation can lead to extremism. Understanding the concept of fear correctly is essential for fostering moderate and harmonious Islamic spirituality.

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