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All Journal IMPROVEMENT: Jurnal Ilmiah untuk peningkatan mutu manajemen pendidikan
Amrozi Khamidi
State University of Surabaya, Indonesia
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education

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Collectivism-Based Servant Leadership in Indonesian Schools: A Qualitative Case Study of Humanistic Principal Leadership Ajeng Nandarah Falenciah; Ainur Rifqi; Kaniati Amalia; Amrozi Khamidi; Agustin Hanivia Cindy; Ruguang Zhou; Hamdan Said
Improvement: Jurnal Ilmiah untuk Peningkatan Mutu Manajemen Pendidikan Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026): Improvement: Jurnal Ilmiah Untuk Peningkatan Mutu Manajemen Pendidikan
Publisher : Program Studi Manajemen Pendidikan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/improvement.v13i1.67663

Abstract

Rigid bureaucratic cultures in schools may weaken teachers’ professional agency and emotional well-being. This study examines how servant leadership practiced by a school principal contributes to a humanistic work environment in an Indonesian junior secondary school. Using a descriptive qualitative design, the study was conducted at SMP Negeri 3 Waru Sidoarjo, East Java, from July to December 2025. Data were collected through participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation involving 12 participants: one principal, one vice-principal, and ten senior teachers. The data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The findings show that active listening, humility, emotional support, and participatory problem-solving helped reduce hierarchical distance, strengthen teachers perceived psychological safety, and encourage more open communication in responding to administrative and curriculum-related challenges. This study proposes the Collectivism-Based Servant Leadership Model, or KPBK, by integrating servant leadership with gotong royong, musyawarah, and Ing Ngarsa Sung Tuladha. It also identifies Double-Loop Empowerment as a qualitative mechanism linking principal support, teacher empowerment, and humanistic teacher-student interaction. The findings suggest that school reform requires not only policy mandates and technical training, but also humanistic human resource governance.
Co-Authors Agustin Hanivia Cindy Ainur Rifqi Ajeng Nandarah Falenciah Hamdan Said Kaniati Amalia Ruguang Zhou