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All Journal Research of Scientia Naturalis Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and Creative Technology Journal of Social Science Utilizing Technology
Jari Koskinen
University of Helsinki
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemistry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Physics

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ADVANCEMENTS IN GREEN CHEMISTRY: OPTIMIZING SUSTAINABLE SYNTHESIS PATHWAYS FOR BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS FROM AGRICULTURAL WASTE MATERIALS Suwahono Suwahono; Nong Chai; Jari Koskinen
Research of Scientia Naturalis Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/scientia.v3i2.4197

Abstract

Growing environmental concerns regarding plastic pollution, fossil resource depletion, and greenhouse gas emissions have intensified efforts to develop sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based polymers. Agricultural waste provides biomass containing cellulose, hemicellulose, starch, and lignin that can be transformed into biodegradable polymers through responsible synthesis pathways. Green chemistry offers a framework for reducing hazardous chemicals, energy consumption, and resource inefficiency while supporting circular bioeconomy principles. This study evaluated green chemistry strategies for producing biodegradable polymers from agricultural waste while enhancing polymer performance, sustainability, and industrial feasibility. A mixed-methods sequential explanatory design involved 480 biomass samples and 210 laboratory- and pilot-scale synthesis experiments representing conventional, optimized, and sustainable production pathways. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, structural equation modeling, hierarchical regression, mediation, and moderation analyses. Qualitative evidence from expert interviews, industrial observations, lifecycle assessments, and policy documents was examined thematically. Findings showed that integrated green chemistry improved biomass conversion efficiency, polymer yield, molecular stability, biodegradation, catalyst recovery, energy efficiency, and lifecycle sustainability. Catalyst recovery partially mediated the relationship between green chemistry implementation and environmental performance, while reaction optimization strengthened the effect of biomass conversion on polymer quality. Sustainable production therefore requires coordinated biomass use, catalyst innovation, process optimization, and circular economy strategies.
BEYOND IMMERSION: THE EFFICACY OF VIRTUAL REALITY (VR) SIMULATIONS IN DEVELOPING TECHNICAL SKILLS FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION Fauzi Erwis; Yang Xiang; Jari Koskinen
Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and Creative Technology Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/jseact.v2i4.2677

Abstract

Traditional vocational education (VET) for complex psychomotor skills is costly, risky, and difficult to scale. While Virtual Reality (VR) is a potential solution, research has focused on “immersion,” not empirical “efficacy.” The critical gap is the unverified “transfer-of-training” from virtual simulations to real-world, physical tasks. This study aimed to empirically evaluate the efficacy of VR-only training versus traditional hands-on methods. It specifically sought to measure (1) “virtual-to-real” skill transfer, (2) long-term skill retention, and (3) training efficiency. An experimental pre-test/post-test/retention-test design was used. 80 (N=80) novice welding trainees were randomized to a VR-Only (n=40) or Traditional (n=40) group. Psychomotor skill was measured on physical equipment at baseline (T1), post-intervention (T2), and 4-week retention (T3) using an expert-validated rubric (PAR), analyzed with ANCOVA. The VR-Only group demonstrated statistically superior skill transfer on the physical post-test (T2) (p < .001, \eta_p^2 = .710). This superiority was durable, with significantly higher skill retention at the T3 follow-up (p < .001). The VR group also achieved competency 27% faster (6.4 vs 8.8 hours) and at zero consumable material cost. -fidelity VR, driven by instantaneous data-driven feedback, is a more effective, efficient, and cost-effective training modality than the traditional “gold standard” for novice psychomotor skill acquisition. This study provides robust validation for the “virtual-to-real” transfer-of-training.
NARRATIVE DESIGN IN SERIOUS GAMES: A FRAMEWORK FOR ENHANCING PLAYER ENGAGEMENT AND LEARNING OUTCOMES IN EDUCATIONAL GAMES Jari Koskinen; Michael Turner; Sarah Robinson
Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and Creative Technology Vol. 2 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/jseact.v2i6.2967

Abstract

The integration of narrative design in serious games has become a pivotal factor in enhancing player engagement and improving learning outcomes in educational games. Despite the growing use of game-based learning, the specific role of narrative elements in achieving these outcomes remains underexplored. This research aims to develop a framework for narrative design in educational games, focusing on its impact on player engagement and learning outcomes. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative surveys to measure knowledge retention, problem-solving, and critical thinking, with qualitative interviews to explore player experiences and emotional engagement. The study involved 200 participants who were divided into two groups: one playing games with strong narrative elements and the other with minimal narrative content. The results indicate that narrative-driven games significantly enhance engagement and improve learning outcomes. Players in the narrative-heavy group demonstrated higher levels of knowledge retention (M = 4.45), problem-solving (M = 4.38), and player engagement (M = 4.60) compared to the narrative-light group (M = 3.72, M = 3.55, and M = 3.45, respectively). These findings suggest that effective narrative design is essential for maximizing the educational potential of serious games. The study provides actionable insights for game designers and educators to optimize narrative elements in educational games.
Closing the Second-Level Digital Divide: An Analysis of Digital Literacy Interventions and Their Effect on Educational Outcomes in Rural Communities Laura Lehtonen; Jari Koskinen; Katri Salo
Journal of Social Science Utilizing Technology Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/jssut.v3i6.2904

Abstract

Background. The digital divide remains a significant challenge, particularly in rural communities, where limited access to technology and digital resources exacerbates educational inequities. While the first-level digital divide focuses on access to technology, the second-level digital divide addresses disparities in digital literacy the ability to effectively use digital tools to enhance learning. This study explores the effectiveness of digital literacy interventions in rural communities and their impact on educational outcomes. Purpose. The primary objective of this research is to assess how targeted digital literacy programs can improve students’ learning experiences and academic performance in rural areas. Method. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative analysis of academic performance data with qualitative interviews from students, teachers, and community stakeholders. Results. The findings reveal that digital literacy interventions significantly enhance students' technological proficiency, with improvements in both their academic performance and engagement with digital learning platforms. However, the study also identifies challenges related to the sustainability of these programs and the need for continuous support. Conclusion. In conclusion, this research underscores the importance of bridging the second-level digital divide through comprehensive digital literacy initiatives, which can help mitigate educational disparities in rural communities and contribute to long-term improvements in educational equity.
Co-Authors Fauzi Erwis Katri Salo Laura Lehtonen Michael Turner Nong Chai Sarah Robinson Suwahono Suwahono Yang Xiang