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Kajian Epidemiologi Manajerial untuk Efektifitas Program Tuberkulosis Maria Magdalena Dwi Wahyuni; Simon Sani Kleden; Norma Tiku Kambuno; Sakti Oktaria Batubara; Tanti Rahayu; A. A. Gd Bagus Adi Suardipa; Aminah Haslinda Baun; Marianus Lino; Amanda Jelita Eka Riani Johannis
MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Vol 6, No 8 (2026): Volume 6 Nomor 8 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mahesa.v6i8.23941

Abstract

ABSTRACT Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health problem, including in Indonesia. The East Nusa Tenggara Province Health Center (SITB) reported 10,110 TB cases (56%) in 2024. Approximately 7,851 of the 17,961 TB cases remain undetected or unreported. The number of TB cases in Kupang Regency in 2024 reached 454 (38%), with approximately 755 cases remaining undetected out of the target of 1,209 This gap is influenced by suboptimal utilization of cadre resources, weaknesses in the service system, and the lack of effective strategy development. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between managerial epidemiology and the effectiveness of the tuberculosis program in Kupang Regency in 2025. A mixed-method study with a cross-sectional design was conducted at 29 health service facilities in Kupang Regency, including 27 primary health care facilities and two referral hospitals, selected using purposive sampling. Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between managerial epidemiology and TB program effectiveness. Of the 11 independent variables studied, 10 were significantly associated with program effectiveness (p 0.05), including planning, management-based and environmental-based implementation, intervention design, identification of causes and risks, selection of epidemiological strategies, monitoring, supervision, evaluation, and surveillance. Despite these findings, the effectiveness of the TB program still needs improvement due to limited resources, suboptimal data analysis, and high community stigma. In conclusion, epidemiologically based planning, intervention strategies, monitoring, supervision, evaluation, and surveillance are directly related to TB program effectiveness in Kupang Regency. Keywords: Managerial Epidemiology, TB Program Effectiveness, Kupang Regency.ABSTRAK Tuberkulosis (TB) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan global, termasuk di Indonesia. Pada tahun 2024, Sistem Informasi Tuberkulosis (SITB) Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur melaporkan 10.110 kasus TB (56%), dengan sekitar 7.851 dari estimasi 17.961 kasus yang masih belum terdeteksi atau tidak dilaporkan. Di Kabupaten Kupang, jumlah kasus TB yang dilaporkan pada tahun 2024 mencapai 454 kasus (38%), dengan sekitar 755 kasus yang belum terdeteksi dari target 1.209 kasus. Kesenjangan antara target dan capaian tersebut dipengaruhi oleh belum optimalnya pemanfaatan sumber daya kader, kelemahan sistem pelayanan, serta belum berkembangnya strategi yang efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara epidemiologi manajerial dengan efektivitas program tuberkulosis di Kabupaten Kupang tahun 2025. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran (kuantitatif dan kualitatif) dengan desain potong lintang yang dilaksanakan pada 29 fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan di Kabupaten Kupang, terdiri atas 27 fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan tingkat pertama dan dua rumah sakit rujukan, yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara epidemiologi manajerial dan efektivitas program TB. Dari 11 variabel independen yang diteliti, 10 variabel menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan dengan efektivitas program TB (p 0,05), meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan berbasis konsep manajemen dan lingkungan, desain intervensi, identifikasi penyebab dan risiko, pemilihan strategi epidemiologi, pemantauan, supervisi, evaluasi, dan surveilans. Meskipun demikian, efektivitas program TB masih perlu ditingkatkan karena keterbatasan sumber daya, analisis data yang belum optimal, serta tingginya stigma di masyarakat. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perencanaan, strategi intervensi, pemantauan, supervisi, evaluasi, dan surveilans yang berbasis epidemiologi berhubungan langsung dengan efektivitas program TB di Kabupaten Kupang. Kata Kunci: Manajerial Epidemiologi, Efektivitas Program TB, Kabupaten Kupang.
Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Fasilitas Pendukung terhadap Praktik Kebersihan Menstruasi Remaja Putri SMA Negeri 1 Kupang Fransina Ndaong; Christina Rony Nayoan; Tanti Rahayu
SEHATMAS: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): Juli 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Literasi Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55123/sehatmas.v5i3.8466

Abstract

Menstrual hygiene is a significant public health issue influenced by multiple factors, knowledge, attitudes, and the availability of facilities. This study sought to examine the association between knowledge, attitudes, facilities, and menstrual hygiene practices among female students at SMA Negeri 1 Kupang. A quantitative analytic approach with a cross-sectional design was employed, involving 649 students as the population. Eighty-four respondents were chosen through proportional stratified random sampling. Data gathering was performed using structured questionnaires and observation checklists, followed by analysis using univariate and bivariate methods. The Chi-square test at a 5% significance level was applied to assess relationships between variables. Results showed that 50.0% of respondents had good knowledge about menstrual hygiene, 59.5% exhibited positive attitudes, and 75.0% demonstrated appropriate menstrual hygiene practices. Statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between knowledge and menstrual hygiene practices (p < 0.001), as well as a significant association between attitudes and menstrual hygiene practices. Observations indicated that school facilities were moderately adequate, with six out of eight assessed indicators present. However, these facilities did not fully meet the standards required to optimally support menstrual hygiene management among students. Overall, the findings indicate that both knowledge and attitudes significantly influence menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent girls. While some facilities are available, their adequacy remains insufficient to fully facilitate proper menstrual hygiene. It is therefore recommended to strengthen reproductive health education programs to enhance students' knowledge and promote positive attitudes, alongside efforts to improve and optimize school facilities that support menstrual hygiene management.