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All Journal TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control)
Jamal Hossain Nirob
Daffodil International University
Computer Science & IT

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A novel-shaped THz MIMO antenna with high bandwidth for advanced 6G wireless application Kamal Hossain Nahin; Jamal Hossain Nirob; Md. Ashraful Haque; Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh; Redwan Al Mahmud Bin Asad Ananta; Md. Kawsar Ahmed; Md. Sharif Ahammed; Liton Chandra Paul
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 23, No 4: August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v23i4.26559

Abstract

This article presents an industrial and innovation highly efficient drone shaped slotted graphene-based multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna with improved isolation, designed for high-speed short-range communication, video rate imaging, medical imaging, and explosive detection in the THz band. The proposed antenna is constructed on an 88×244 μm2 polyimide substrate. Key performance parameters such as reflection coefficient, gain, directivity, radiation pattern, and antenna efficiency are evaluated at the resonating frequencies of 1.7 THz, 3.35 THz, and 5.31 THz, covering a wide bandwidth of 4.88 THz with a reflection coefficient of less than -10 dB. The antenna achieves a maximum gain of 13.92 dB and a radiation efficiency of 95.77% within the resonating band. The MIMO design parameters include an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of 0.00015, a diversity gain (DG) of 9.9992, and an isolation of less than -31.55 dB between its elements across the entire bandwidth. The outcomes from CST simulations were verified by designing and simulating a similar resistance-inductance-capacitance (RLC) circuit in advanced design system (ADS), with both simulators producing comparable reflection coefficients. These features underscore the potential of the proposed antenna, utilizing simulations and an equivalent RLC circuit model, as a robust candidate for THz band applications in 6G wireless communication.
High-bandwidth millimetre wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna for 38 GHz 5G mobile applications Md. Ashraful Haque; Md. Kawsar Ahmed; Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh; Md. Afzalur Rahman; Md. Sharif Ahammed; Redwan A. Ananta; Kamal Hossain Nahin; Jamal Hossain Nirob; Liton Chandra Paul
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 23, No 2: April 2025
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v23i2.26491

Abstract

This study assesses the efficacy of an industrial and innovation antenna by scrutinizing its performance using simulations and an equivalent resistor, inductor, and capacitor (RLC) circuit model. By utilizing computer simulation technology (CST) modeling techniques, the antenna’s small dimensions of 37.75×31.75 mm2 are considered concerning the minimum frequency. The antenna functions at a frequency of 38 GHz, with a bandwidth of 11 GHz. It has a maximum gain of 8.875 dB and demonstrates excellent isolation (-27.627 dB) and efficiency (98.859%), respectively. By designing and simulating a comparable RLC circuit in advanced design system (ADS), we have confirmed the accuracy and reliability of the data acquired via CST. Both CST and ADS simulators yielded similar reflection coefficients. This antenna is a superb option for the 38 GHz frequency range in 5G wireless communication.
Optimized tri-band MIMO antenna design for 6G terahertz applications and future connectivity Jamal Hossain Nirob; Kamal Hossain Nahin; Md. Ashraful Haque; Redwan A. Ananta; Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh; Md. Kawsar Ahmed; Md. Sharif Ahammed; Liton Chandra Paul
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 23, No 2: April 2025
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v23i2.26579

Abstract

This paper presents an industrial and innovation rectangular-shaped multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna designed for terahertz (THz) frequency applications, specifically targeting 6G communication. The proposed antenna achieves triple-band operation at 3.62 THz, 6.248 THz, and 7.613 THz by incorporating four T-shaped slots. It is designed on a polyimide substrate with a dielectric constant of 3.5 and a tangent loss of 0.0027, with dimensions of 80 μm by 180 μm and a thickness of 11 μm. The patch and the ground plane are constructed from copper, ensuring robust performance. The antenna provides bandwidths of 0.7 THz, 2.2 THz, and 1.1 THz, with isolation levels exceeding -31.3 dB. It achieves a peak gain of 14.3 dB and a high efficiency of 94%, demonstrating its potential for high-performance THz applications. MIMO performance parameters, such as the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), diversity gain (DG), mean effective gain (MEG), and total active reflection coefficient (TARC), exhibit excellent agreement with theoretical values. The design is further validated through simulations using computer simulation technology (CST) and a circuit model in advanced design system (ADS). The results of these tests mirrored those of the CST simulations, confirming the reliability of future 6G THz communication systems.
ANN-based performance estimation of a slotted inverted F-shaped tri-band antenna for satellite/mm-wave 5G application Md. Kawsar Ahmed; Kamal Hossain Nahin; Md. Sharif Ahammed; Md. Ashraful Haque; Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh; Redwan Al Mahmud Asad Ananta; Jamal Hossain Nirob; Mirajul Islam; Liton Chandra Paul
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 22, No 4: August 2024
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v22i4.26028

Abstract

In this research, we explain comprehensive industrial and innovation results on using an artificial neural network (ANN) method to improve the performance of microstrip patch antennas for 5G, indoor-outdoor, and Ku band uses. To determine if an antenna is appropriate, this article discusses multiple methods, one of which is to do a simulation using validating software like high frequency structure simulator (HFSS) and Altair Feko. Based on the Rogers RT 5880 substrate, the antenna is constructed. There is a loss tangent of 0.0009 and its dimensions are 17.1053 mm in length and 16 mm in width. Its dielectric constant is 2.2. Despite its small size, it boasts an impressive maximum efficiency of almost 90% and a gain of approximately 8 dB. As an indicator of ANN model performance, we may look at the R-squared value (99%), the mean square error (MSE), which is approximately 0.0015, and the confidence interval (99%). The ANN models are the most accurate and have the lowest error rate when it comes to predicting efficiency and gain. The suggested antenna is a promising contender for the targeted Ku band, indoor/outdoor, and 5G uses, as verified by the clustering of computer simulation technology (CST), HFSS, and Altair Feko simulated results with the measured and predicted outcomes of ANN approach
Graphene-based high-gain MIMO antenna for enhanced 6G wireless communication systems Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh; Md. Ashraful Haque; Jamal Hossain Nirob; Kamal Hossain Nahin; Md. Kawsar Ahmed; Md. Sharif Ahammed; Redwan A. Ananta; Liton Chandra Paul
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 23, No 4: August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v23i4.26568

Abstract

This paper presents a novel design and analysis of a high-performance multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) terahertz (THz) antenna intended for next-generation sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication systems. The proposed antenna operates over a wide frequency range of 1 THz to 4.9 THz, achieving a broad bandwidth of 3.9 THz with three distinct resonant frequencies at 2.05 THz, 3.9 THz, and 4.52 THz, each exhibiting excellent return loss characteristics. The antenna features a graphene-based patch with a copper ground plane, etched on a polyimide substrate with a dielectric constant (εr) of 3.5 and a thickness of 10 micrometers (μm). Key performance metrics, including a high gain of 15.9 decibels (dB), an efficiency of 95.95%, an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of 0.0005, and a diversity gain (DG) of 9.997 dB, indicate outstanding performance. The measured isolation between the two antenna elements is -31.91 dB, signifying excellent isolation. An equivalent resistor-inductor-capacitor (RLC) circuit model is developed using advanced design system (ADS), validated by comparing S11 results from both computer simulation technology (CST) and ADS simulations. The proposed MIMO antenna’s wide operating range and robust performance demonstrates great potential for high-speed THz wireless communication, imaging, spectroscopy, sensing, and offers valuable contributions to industry and innovation.
A 6G THz MIMO antenna with high gain and wide bandwidth for high-speed wireless communication Redwan Al Mahmud Bin Asad Ananta; Md. Sharif Ahammed; Md. Ashraful Haque; Md. Kawsar Ahmed; Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh; Jamal Hossain Nirob; Kamal Hossain Nahin; Liton Chandra Paul
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 23, No 3: June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v23i3.26526

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive industrial and innovation design and thorough analysis of a terahertz (THz) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna, addressing the increasing demand for high-performance multi-antenna systems in THz communication applications. The primary objective of this research is to develop a compact and efficient MIMO antenna that operates over a wide frequency range and provides high isolation, specifically within the 1–10 THz spectrum. The proposed antenna achieves an impressive total bandwidth of approximately 9 THz, featuring seven distinct resonance frequencies at 1.39 THz, 3.26 THz, 4.72 THz, 5.96 THz, 7.07 THz, 8.194 THz, and 9.426 THz. The design employs a polyimide substrate and a graphene patch. Key performance metrics include a maximum gain of 15 dB, efficiency of 99.8%, and isolation values that range from 28 dB to 63 dB. An resistor inductor capacitor (RLC) equivalent circuit using advanced design system (ADS) software. Additionally, the antenna displays remarkable diversity metrics, with an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of 0.000778 and a diversity gain of 9.99961 dB. With compact dimensions of (65×180) µm2 and outstanding performance characteristics, this design is confirmed to be suitable for THz applications, fulfilling the research goal of facilitating efficient and reliable communication in sophisticated multi-antenna systems.
A multiband sub-6 THz patch antenna with high gain for IoT and 6G communication Redwan Al Mahmud Bin Asad Ananta; Md. Sharif Ahammed; Md Ashraful Haque; Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh; Kamal Hossain Nahin; Jamal Hossain Nirob; Md. Kawsar Ahmed; Liton Chandra Paul
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 23, No 3: June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v23i3.26551

Abstract

This comprehensive study introduces a meticulously designed and characterized terahertz (THz) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna engineered to operate within the 0.4 THz to 1.6 THz frequency range. The antenna’s construction includes a copper patch and ground plane integrated into a polyimide substrate, ensuring exceptional durability and robust performance. Significantly, the antenna reveals four distinct resonance frequencies at 0.46 THz, 0.9 THz, 1.31 THz, and 1.44 THz each accompanied by bandwidths of 0.005 THz, 0.17 THz, and 0.34 THz, respectively. Moreover, the antenna delivers notable gains of 8.52 dB, 11.54 dB, and 13.25 dB at these frequencies, coupled with substantial efficiencies of 88.32%, 92.02%, and 89.89%, respectively. Additionally, the antenna showcases exceptional isolation of 26 dB, a low envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of 0.003, and a diversity gain (DG) of 9.98. These remarkable attributes underscore the antenna’s aptness for high-performance THz applications, offering substantial advantages in terms of gain, efficiency, and isolation for next-generation wireless communication systems.
Dual-band MIMO antenna for wideband THz communication in future 6G applications Jamal Hossain Nirob; Kamal Hossain Nahin; Md. Ashraful Haque; Md. Sharif Ahammed; Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh; Redwan A. Ananta; Md. Kawsar Ahmed; Liton Chandra Paul
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 23, No 2: April 2025
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v23i2.26553

Abstract

This paper presents an industrial and innovation dual-band multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna designed for terahertz (THz) frequencies to enhance future sixth-generation (6G) communication systems. The antenna utilizes a polyimide substrate with a thickness of 12 µm, a dielectric constant of 3.5 and a tangent loss of 0.0027. Both the patch and the ground plane are constructed from copper, ensuring robust performance. The antenna achieves resonance at 5.45 THz with a gain of 14 dB and a bandwidth of 0.7 THz and at 6.34 THz with a gain of 14.44 dB and a bandwidth of 1.77 THz. Additionally, it demonstrates a minor peak at 7.4 THz and a maximum efficiency of 95.87%. The transmission coefficient shows an isolation of -31.01 dB, indicating excellent separation between antenna elements. Key MIMO performance metrics, containing the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), diversity gain (DG), mean effective gain (MEG), total active reflection coefficient (TARC), and channel capacity loss (CCL), were analyzed, displaying optimum performance. An analogous circuit was designed and simulated in advanced design system (ADS) to validate these discoveries, creating comparable reflection coefficients to those attained from computer simulation technology (CST) simulations. These findings approve the antenna’s possible for THz-band 6G wireless communication applications.
Graphene-based THz antenna with a wide bandwidth for future 6G short-range communication Md. Kawsar Ahmed; Md. Sharif Ahammed; Md. Ashraful Haque; Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh; Jamal Hossain Nirob; Redwan A. Ananta; Kamal Hossain Nahin; Liton Chandra Paul
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 23, No 2: April 2025
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v23i2.26562

Abstract

In this study, we present the design and investigation of a terahertz (THz) frequency antenna optimized for the 2-10 THz range, featuring both single-element and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) configurations, with a focus on industrial and innovative applications to enhance future 6G communication systems. The antenna, constructed on a polyimide substrate with dimensions of 90×30 µm, achieves a bandwidth from 4.0328 to 10 THz. The MIMO configuration, which includes two ports, demonstrates excellent isolation with a value of -27 dB. The proposed antenna system achieves a gain of 12.38 dB and an efficiency of 89%, making it highly appropriate for THz communication applications. Furthermore, the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of 0.002 and diversity gain (DG) of 9.99 affirm the antenna’s effectiveness in MIMO systems. A resistance inductance capacitance (RLC) circuit model was employed to accurately represent the S11 curve, ensuring precise characterization of the antenna’s performance. These results underscore the probability of the proposed antenna for high-speed, short-range communication systems.
Co-Authors Kamal Hossain Nahin Liton Chandra Paul Md Ashraful Haque Md. Afzalur Rahman Md. Ashraful Haque Md. Kawsar Ahmed Md. Sharif Ahammed Mirajul Islam Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh Redwan A. Ananta Redwan Al Mahmud Asad Ananta Redwan Al Mahmud Bin Asad Ananta