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p-Index From 2021 - 2026
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Alda Syafira
Master of Psychological Science Program, Directorate of Postgraduate Studies, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia
Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Social Sciences

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Social Comparison on Social Media and Psychological Well-Being in Emerging Adulthood Alda Syafira; Siti Maimunah; Iswinarti
Journal of Scientific Research, Education, and Technology (JSRET) Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): Vol. 5 No. 3 2026
Publisher : Kirana Publisher (KNPub)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58526/jsret.v5i3.1198

Abstract

Social comparison on social media has become an increasingly prominent psychological process during emerging adulthood, driven by growing exposure to idealized portrayals of other people's lives. This study conducted a systematic review of empirical findings on the factors associated with social comparison on social media and its impact on psychological well-being during emerging adulthood. The literature search followed PRISMA guidelines across reputable academic databases, covering publications from 2022 to 2025. Of 165 articles initially identified, 18 empirical studies met the inclusion criteria. The synthesis shows that upward social comparison is the most common form of comparison and is consistently linked to lower psychological well-being, particularly through passive social media use and exposure to idealized content. Frequently identified mediating mechanisms include reduced self-esteem, impaired emotion regulation, and fear of missing out. In contrast, downward social comparison appears far less often and shows only limited protective effects. These findings highlight upward comparison as the dominant psychological risk for well-being in emerging adulthood and point to the need for interventions that strengthen social comparison awareness and emotion regulation.
Positive Psychology-Based Psychoeducation to Improve Generation Z Self-Esteem Alda Syafira; Djudiyah
Journal of Scientific Research, Education, and Technology (JSRET) Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): Vol. 5 No. 3 2026
Publisher : Kirana Publisher (KNPub)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58526/jsret.v5i3.1199

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a positive psychology-based digital psychoeducation intervention in improving self-esteem among Generation Z individuals who experience upward social comparison on social media. A quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was employed, involving 13 participants selected through purposive sampling. The intervention was delivered digitally over four days and included gratitude journaling and character strengths components. Self-esteem was measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale before and after the intervention. Results showed that the mean self-esteem score increased from 26.69 at pretest to 28.31 at posttest, with a medium effect size (Cohen's d = 0.50). However, the paired sample t-test indicated that this increase was not statistically significant (t = -1.819, df = 12, p = 0.094). These findings suggest a promising, though inconclusive, direction of change, indicating that brief digital positive psychology interventions may hold potential benefits for improving self-esteem that warrant further testing with larger samples and a control group
Co-Authors Djudiyah Iswinarti Siti Maimunah