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PROJECT-BASED LEARNING AND 21ST-CENTURY SKILLS: DEVELOPING CRITICAL THINKING AND COLLABORATION IN PRIMARY CLASSROOMS Huda Al-Shawabkeh; Bassam Al-Khouri; Salma Hamdan; Ida Aulia Mawaddah
International Journal of Educatio Elementaria and Psychologia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/ijeep.v3i1.3383

Abstract

Project-Based Learning has gained increasing attention as an instructional approach aligned with the demands of twenty-first-century education, particularly in fostering higher-order thinking and social competencies in primary classrooms. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of Project-Based Learning in developing critical thinking and collaboration skills among primary school students. The research employed a quasi-experimental mixed-methods design involving an experimental group taught through Project-Based Learning and a comparison group receiving conventional instruction. Quantitative data were collected through performance-based critical thinking tests and collaboration observation rubrics, while qualitative data were obtained from classroom observations and teacher field notes. The results indicate that students exposed to Project-Based Learning demonstrated significantly higher gains in critical thinking and collaboration than those in the comparison group. Qualitative findings further revealed improved student engagement, more balanced participation, and deeper peer interaction during project activities. The study concludes that Project-Based Learning provides an effective pedagogical framework for integrating cognitive and social skill development in primary education. These findings suggest that early implementation of learner-centered, inquiry-based instruction can support the cultivation of essential twenty-first-century skills without compromising curricular objectives. The implications extend to teachers, curriculum designers, and policymakers seeking evidence-based strategies for meaningful primary classroom innovation worldwide contexts.
Quantum Field Theory in Curved Spacetime Loso Judijanto; Bassam Al-Khouri; Rania Khatib
Journal of Tecnologia Quantica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/quantica.v2i2.1964

Abstract

Quantum field theory and general relativity are the two main pillars of modern physics. However, the two still cannot be combined consistently to explain cosmic phenomena at the microscopic level, especially in the context of curved spacetime. This research aims to explore the interaction between quantum fields and the curvature of spacetime, with a focus on the implications of quantum gravity. This research aims to understand how quantum fields interact with curved spacetime, as well as to develop a more comprehensive model of physics that combines these two concepts. The methods used include the development of mathematical models and numerical simulations to integrate quantum field theory with general relativity. The analysis was carried out by examining the impact of space-time curvature on quantum field fluctuations around massive objects such as black holes. The findings show that the curvature of spacetime has a major influence on the behavior of the quantum field, leading to modifications in energy distribution and field fluctuations. This discovery opens up new possibilities in the development of a more complete theory of quantum gravity. This study provides new insights into understanding the relationship between quantum fields and curved spacetime, as well as opening the way for further research in the field of quantum gravity and extreme cosmic phenomena.  
Analysis of the Influence of Product Design on Consumer Purchasing Decisions Bassam Al-Khouri; Omar Khan; Amir Raza
Journal of Loomingulisus ja Innovatsioon Vol. 2 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/innovatsioon.v2i6.1984

Abstract

This research examines the influence of product design on consumer purchasing decisions. In the era of intense market competition, companies increasingly recognize that a well-designed product can be a significant factor in attracting consumers. Consumers are often influenced by the aesthetic appeal, usability, and functionality of a product before making a purchase decision. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of various product design elements such as visual appeal, ergonomics, and brand identity on the purchasing decisions of consumers. This research uses a quantitative approach, employing surveys and questionnaires distributed to a sample of 200 consumers. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and regression analysis to determine the strength of the relationship between product design and purchasing decisions. The findings indicate that product design has a significant influence on consumer purchasing behavior. Among the design factors, visual appeal was found to have the strongest effect on consumers' decisions, followed by functionality and brand association. The study highlights that product design is not only a tool for differentiation but also a critical element in creating a positive consumer experience. In conclusion, companies should invest in innovative product designs to enhance consumer appeal and drive purchasing decisions.