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Waspada Santing
Program Studi Ilmu Hukum Program Pascasarjana Universitas Bosowa
Humanities Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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REHABILITASI DAN PENERAPAN SANKSI HUKUM TERHADAP PECANDU NARKOTIKA DI KOTA KENDARI Oktavianus Tombi; Yulia A. Hasan; Waspada Santing
Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law, Juni 2026
Publisher : Postgraduate Bosowa University Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35965/ijlf.v8i2.6109

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami bagaimana penerapan ketentuan rehabilitasi bagi pecandu narkotika di Kota Kendari serta mengidentifikasi berbagai faktor yang menjadi penghambat dalam implementasinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif-empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif, yang memadukan kajian normatif terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan dengan studi empiris melalui pengamatan dan wawancara langsung kepada pihak-pihak terkait, termasuk Badan Narkotika Nasional Provinsi (BNNP) Sulawesi Tenggara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan rehabilitasi bagi pecandu narkotika di Kota Kendari masih belum optimal. Banyak pecandu maupun korban penyalahgunaan narkotika belum menunjukkan pemulihan total dan tidak memanfaatkan fasilitas rehabilitasi secara maksimal. Selain itu, masih ditemukan kecenderungan pecandu yang kembali menggunakan narkotika setelah menjalani proses rehabilitasi. Beberapa faktor yang menjadi hambatan utama antara lain: (1) substansi hukum terkait tindak pidana narkotika yang belum sepenuhnya dipahami oleh masyarakat; (2) keterbatasan sarana dan prasarana rehabilitasi yang tidak sebanding dengan jumlah pengguna narkotika yang membutuhkan layanan tersebut; dan (3) kultur masyarakat yang masih memandang rehabilitasi sebagai bentuk hukuman, bukan sebagai proses penyembuhan. Meski demikian, BNNP Kendari telah melakukan berbagai upaya untuk mengatasi hambatan tersebut, termasuk membangun sinergi dengan pemerintah daerah dan lembaga pemasyarakatan serta menyusun program-program kolaboratif guna meningkatkan efektivitas layanan rehabilitasi di daerah tersebut. This study aims to determine and understand how the implementation of rehabilitation provisions for drug addicts in Kendari City and identify various factors that inhibit its implementation. This study uses a normative-empirical method with a qualitative approach, which combines normative studies of laws and regulations with empirical studies through direct observation and interviews with related parties, including the Southeast Sulawesi Provincial National Narcotics Agency (BNNP). The results of the study indicate that the implementation of rehabilitation for drug addicts in Kendari City is still not optimal. Many addicts and victims of drug abuse have not shown total recovery and do not utilize rehabilitation facilities optimally. In addition, there is still a tendency for addicts to return to using drugs after undergoing the rehabilitation process. Several factors that are the main obstacles include: (1) the legal substance related to drug crimes that are not fully understood by the community; (2) limited rehabilitation facilities and infrastructure that are not comparable to the number of drug users who need these services; and (3) community culture that still views rehabilitation as a form of punishment, not as a healing process. However, BNNP Kendari has made various efforts to overcome these obstacles, including building synergy with local governments and correctional institutions and developing collaborative programs to improve the effectiveness of rehabilitation services in the area.
PENERAPAN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE TERHADAP PROSESPENYIDIKAN TINDAK PIDANA NARKOBA DI SATUAN RESERSE NARKOBA KEPOLISIAN RESOR BULUKUMBA Hermansyah Hermansyah; Ruslan Renggong; Waspada Santing
Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law, Desember 2025
Publisher : Postgraduate Bosowa University Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35965/ijlf.v8i1.7689

Abstract

Permasalahan penyalahgunaan narkotika di Indonesia masih menjadi isu serius karena dampaknya yang bersifat multidimensional, mulai dari kesehatan masyarakat, kerentanan sosial, hingga ancaman terhadap stabilitas keamanan nasional. Model penegakan hukum yang selama ini lebih bersifat retributif dinilai belum mampu memberikan efek jera secara optimal dan justru memperburuk kondisi pelaku yang seharusnya mendapatkan rehabilitasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penerapan pendekatan Restorative Justice dalam proses penyidikan tindak pidana narkotika di Satuan Reserse Narkoba Kepolisian Resor Bulukumba, serta mengidentifikasi berbagai faktor yang menjadi penghambat dalam implementasinya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi pustaka, observasi, serta wawancara dengan penyidik, pemangku kebijakan, dan pihak terkait lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Restorative Justice telah dilakukan dengan merujuk pada Peraturan Kapolri Nomor 8 Tahun 2021, terutama untuk kategori pelaku penyalahguna dengan barang bukti terbatas. Proses penyidikan diarahkan pada asesmen terpadu, mediasi penal, rehabilitasi medis dan sosial, serta pemusnahan barang bukti secara transparan. Temuan penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pendekatan ini berdampak positif terhadap penurunan angka residivisme, peningkatan kepercayaan publik terhadap institusi kepolisian, serta terbentuknya sinergi antarlembaga, termasuk Badan Narkotika Nasional, lembaga rehabilitasi, dan pemerintah daerah. Meskipun demikian, terdapat sejumlah kendala, seperti keterbatasan pemahaman aparat mengenai konsep Restorative Justice, minimnya fasilitas rehabilitasi, serta resistensi internal dan sosial akibat anggapan bahwa pendekatan ini melemahkan penegakan hukum. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan kapasitas aparat, peningkatan fasilitas rehabilitasi, sosialisasi publik berkelanjutan, serta pemanfaatan teknologi informasi untuk mendukung efektivitas implementasi Restorative Justice dalam penanganan tindak pidana narkotika di Polres Bulukumba. The issue of narcotics abuse in Indonesia remains a significant national concern due to its multidimensional impact on public health, social stability, and national security. The predominantly retributive law enforcement approach applied in recent years has proven ineffective in reducing drug-related offenses and has failed to address the needs of drug users who require treatment and rehabilitation rather than punitive sanctions. This study aims to analyze the implementation of a Restorative Justice approach in narcotics crime investigations conducted by the Narcotics Unit of the Bulukumba District Police, as well as to identify the challenges encountered during its application. This research employs an empirical legal methodology with a qualitative approach through literature review, field observation, and interviews with law enforcement officers and relevant stakeholders. The findings demonstrate that the implementation of Restorative Justice has been aligned with the provisions of the Indonesian National Police Regulation No. 8 of 2021, primarily applied to cases involving minor drug users with limited evidence. The investigation process includes integrated assessment, penal mediation, medical and social rehabilitation, and transparent destruction of evidence. The study further reveals that this approach has contributed to reducing recidivism rates, improving public trust in law enforcement institutions, and strengthening cross-sector collaboration involving the National Narcotics Agency, rehabilitation centers, and local government authorities. Despite these positive outcomes, several challenges remain, including limited understanding among officers regarding the conceptual framework of Restorative Justice, insufficient rehabilitation resources, and resistance stemming from perceptions that this approach weakens legal enforcement. Therefore, capacity-building programs, improved rehabilitation infrastructure, sustained public education, and enhanced use of digital technology are required to ensure the effective implementation of Restorative Justice in narcotics law enforcement at the Bulukumba District Police level.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM BERBASIS PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP REMAJA PENYALAHGUNA NARKOTIKA DI WILAYAH HUKUM KEPOLISIAN DAERAH SULAWESI BARAT Andi Sulkifly Irpan; Ruslan Renggong; Waspada Santing
Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Legality of Law, Juni 2026
Publisher : Postgraduate Bosowa University Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35965/ijlf.v8i2.9021

Abstract

Penyalahgunaan narkotika oleh remaja merupakan persoalan sosial-hukum yang menuntut respons penegakan hukum yang tidak hanya berorientasi pada pemidanaan, tetapi juga pada perlindungan, rehabilitasi, dan pencegahan keberulangan. Artikel ini menganalisis faktor penyebab penyalahgunaan narkotika di kalangan remaja serta mengevaluasi strategi penegakan hukum Kepolisian Daerah Sulawesi Barat dalam menanggulanginya. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum empiris dengan pendekatan deskriptif-kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan, telaah peraturan perundang-undangan, observasi, dan wawancara dengan aparat kepolisian, unsur BNN, tokoh masyarakat, pihak pendidikan, serta remaja atau mantan penyalahguna. Analisis dilakukan dengan membandingkan kondisi empiris dengan norma hukum, terutama Undang-Undang Narkotika dan Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak, serta menggunakan teori kontrol sosial dan teori pertanggungjawaban pidana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyalahgunaan narkotika pada remaja dipengaruhi oleh pelemahan kontrol sosial, disfungsi pengawasan keluarga, tekanan pergaulan sebaya, rendahnya literasi hukum, dan terbatasnya akses pembinaan. Penegakan hukum telah dilakukan melalui upaya preemtif, preventif, dan represif, namun praktiknya masih lebih dominan represif sehingga pendekatan rehabilitatif belum optimal. Artikel ini merekomendasikan model penegakan hukum diferensiatif yang membedakan pengguna, korban penyalahgunaan, dan pelaku peredaran, dengan memperkuat asesmen terpadu, diversi, rehabilitasi, pendidikan hukum, dan kolaborasi keluarga-sekolah-masyarakat. Juvenile narcotics abuse is a socio-legal problem that requires law enforcement responses beyond punishment, including protection, rehabilitation, and prevention of recidivism. This research analyzes the factors causing narcotics abuse among adolescents and evaluates the law enforcement strategies of the West Sulawesi Regional Police. This study applies an empirical legal method with a descriptive-qualitative approach. Data were obtained through literature review, statutory analysis, observation, and interviews with police officers, representatives of the National Narcotics Board, community and educational figures, and adolescents or former users. The data were analyzed by comparing empirical realities with legal norms, particularly the Narcotics Law and the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, and interpreted through social control theory and criminal liability theory. The findings show that adolescent narcotics abuse is influenced by weakened social control, family supervision dysfunction, peer pressure, low legal literacy, and limited access to guidance. Law enforcement has been implemented through preemptive, preventive, and repressive measures; however, repressive practices remain dominant, while rehabilitative measures have not been optimized. This research recommends a differentiated law enforcement model that distinguishes users, victims of abuse, and traffickers by strengthening integrated assessment, diversion, rehabilitation, legal education, and collaboration among families, schools, and communities.
Co-Authors Andi Sulkifly Irpan Hermansyah Hermansyah Oktavianus Tombi Ruslan Renggong Yulia A. Hasan