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All Journal SINTEK JURNAL: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Mesin Jurnal Polimesin
Hamdani Hamdani
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe, Lhokseumawe 24301, Indonesia
Automotive Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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Thermal distribution and macrostructural characteristics of TIG-welded Cu/SS316L dissimilar joints: experimental and numerical study Azwinur Azwinur; Agus Suprihanto; Mukhsinun Hadi Kusuma; Khoiri Rozi; Usman Usman; Surya Dharma; Hamdani Hamdani
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 24, No 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v24i2.7838

Abstract

Dissimilar welding of copper (Cu) and Stainless Steel 316L (SS316L) presents significant challenges due to their large differences in thermal conductivity and melting temperature, which lead to asymmetric heat distribution and non-uniform penetration. This study aims to evaluate the effect of welding current on temperature distribution and macrostructural characteristics of TIG-welded Cu/SS316L joints using ERCuSi-A filler through an integrated experimental and numerical approach. Welding experiments were conducted at three current levels: 120 A, 135 A, and 150 A on 2.7 mm thick plates. Macrostructural examinations were performed to assess weld bead geometry and penetration behavior. Transient thermal simulations were carried out using ANSYS Workbench to predict temperature fields and thermal gradients. The results indicate that welding current significantly influences weld morphology and thermal behavior. At 120 A, the weld bead was relatively narrow with limited penetration on the Cu side due to rapid heat dissipation. At 135 A, a more uniform fusion profile was achieved, with simulated peak temperatures exceeding 1000°C and an improved penetration balance between Cu and SS316L. At 150 A, deeper penetration into SS316L was observed; however, the heating cycle became shorter and the temperature distribution more localized. Numerical results consistently showed asymmetric temperature fields, where heat diffused rapidly into Cu and concentrated in SS316L. The strong correlation between simulation and macrostructural observations confirms that thermal distribution governs weld geometry and penetration behavior. The 135 A current provides the most balanced fusion characteristics, making it suitable for Cu/SS316L dissimilar joints in heat-transfer applications.
Acoustic Analysis of 3D Printing Motion Patterns for Machine Condition Monitoring Mahmud Mahmud; M. Dirhamsyah; Muhammad Rizal; Hamdani Hamdani; Azwar Azwar; Sariyusda Sariyusda; Zulfadli Zulfadli
SINTEK JURNAL: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Mesin Vol. 19 No. 2 (2025): SINTEK JURNAL
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/sintek.19.2.113-131

Abstract

In additive manufacturing, mechanical vibrations generated during the printing process produce characteristic acoustic emissions, which are directly influenced by toolpath kinematics. These vibrations can adversely affect dimensional accuracy and interlayer adhesion, underscoring the need for effective process monitoring. This study investigates the correlation between specific toolpath geometries and their acoustic signatures in a Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printer to establish a foundation for non-invasive condition monitoring. Five fundamental motion patterns—diagonal (Quadrants I-III and II-IV), horizontal, cylindrical, and vertical—were fabricated in an anechoic chamber. Acoustic emissions were captured via two microphones positioned 5 cm from the printer and analyzed in the time domain using statistical features: Root Mean Square (RMS), Kurtosis, and Crest Factor. The measured sound pressure levels ranged from 0.5 Pa to 1.5 Pa. Results indicate that the vertical toolpath yielded the lowest RMS (0.0863) and Crest Factor (5.38) values, reflecting the least intense and most stable acoustic emission. Conversely, diagonal patterns exhibited significantly higher values, denoting greater vibrational energy and transient fluctuations. These findings demonstrate a definitive influence of motion geometry on a printer's acoustic signature. The vertical pattern is identified as the most stable under the tested parameters. This research confirms that time-domain acoustic analysis is a viable technique for characterizing machine performance. Establishing this baseline correlation enables the future development of real-time, sound-based monitoring systems capable of predicting print defects and facilitating predictive maintenance, thereby enhancing the reliability and quality of additive manufacturing processes.
Co-Authors Agus Suprihanto Azwar Azwar Azwinur Azwinur Khoiri Rozi M. Dirhamsyah Mahmud Muhammad Rizal Mukhsinun Hadi Kusuma Sariyusda Sariyusda Surya Dharma Usman Usman Zulfadli Zulfadli