Gede Mahardika
Institut Agama Hindu Negeri Mpu Kuturan Singaraja

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Dresta Sebagai Hukum yang Hidup dalam Penyelesaian Kehamilan di Luar Perkawinan di Desa Adat Tengkulung Ni Wayan Kompiang Susilawati; Gede Mahardika; Ni Luh Gede Hadriani
Kamaya: Jurnal Ilmu Agama Vol 9 No 3 (2026)
Publisher : Jayapangus Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37329/kamaya.v9i3.5640

Abstract

Dresta is a living customary norm used to resolve social problems in Tengkulung Customary Village. However, its application in handling pregnancies outside marriage has not been documented, particularly regarding its basis, institutional procedures, and implications for affected parties. The purpose of this study is to analyze the forms and validity of dresta, its implementation process, and its implications for individuals, families, and the community’s socio-religious life. This study employed a descriptive-interpretive qualitative method. Fourteen informants were purposively selected from customary officials, Kertha Desa, youth, government, security personnel, religious figures, women and men previously involved, and their families. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis, then analyzed thematically and validated through source and method triangulation. The results show that the 2018 Awig-Awig of Tengkulung Customary Village does not explicitly regulate obligations for pregnancies outside marriage. Submitting one kilogram of rice and performing mecaru are recognized as dresta determined after clarification and a paruman decision. Termination of customary village membership is not automatic, but constitutes a final measure following repeated refusal to comply with a valid decision. The process includes confidential reporting, verification, examination, family mediation, paruman, determination of obligations, implementation, monitoring, and social reintegration. These findings confirm that dresta’s legitimacy depends on collective acceptance, institutional decisions, proportional obligations, and protection of affected parties. In conclusion, dresta clarifies responsibility and supports socio-religious recovery, but may produce stigma, gender-based pressure, and uncertainty when procedures are undocumented. Therefore, written guidelines, confidentiality, balanced responsibility, and protection for women and children are required.
Eksistensi dan Makna Sosio-Religius Ritual Ngusabha Dangsil di Pura Kebon Agung Desa Adat Culik Kabupaten Karangasem Gede Darma Diatmika; I Nengah Bawa Atmaja; Gede Mahardika
Kamaya: Jurnal Ilmu Agama Vol 9 No 4 (2026): Article in Press
Publisher : Jayapangus Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37329/kamaya.v9i4.5702

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the existence and socio-religious meaning of the Ngusabha Dangsil ritual at Pura Kebon Agung, Banjar Adat Kebon, Desa Adat Culik, Abang District, Karangasem Regency. This macro-scale ritual is conducted periodically every three years (tri warsa) despite requiring significant financial capital, extensive preparation time, and massive communal labor. Employing a qualitative descriptive-interpretative approach, data were gathered through participant observation, in-depth semi-structured interviews with key informants (priests, customary leaders, traditional craftsmen/undagi, and community members), documentation, and literature review. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman by integrating Structural Functionalism Theory, Religion Theory, and Symbolic Interactionism Theory. The results indicate that: (1) The three-year periodization operates as a functional adaptation mechanism (AGIL schema) for accumulating financial resources, allowing ecological regeneration of natural ritual materials, and managing communal labor rotation without disrupting the rural agricultural economy; (2) Balinese Hinduism functions as a normative and symbolic cultural system that structures all ritual stages across five religious dimensions, maintaining the cosmic equilibrium of Tri Hita Karana and sekala-niskala; and (3) Socio-religious meanings and collective identity are continuously reproduced through the practice of ngayah, role taking, and intergenerational transmission of traditional sacred craftsmanship. The study confirms that Ngusabha Dangsil is not merely a transcendental rite, but an essential social institution for community cohesion and cultural preservation.