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All Journal Cognitionis Civitatis et Politicae Sharia Oikonomia Law Journal
Sharmin Sultana
Khulna University of Engineering and Technology (KUET)
Social Sciences

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A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ANTI-CORRUPTION INSTITUTIONS: THE CASE OF INDONESIA’S KPK AND SOUTH KOREA’S KICAC Wijaya Wijaya; Arif Hossain; Sharmin Sultana
Cognitionis Civitatis et Politicae Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/politicae.v2i2.2535

Abstract

The establishment of independent anti-corruption agencies (ACAs) is a primary global strategy for combating systemic corruption. Indonesia’s Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) and South Korea’s former Korea Independent Commission Against Corruption (KICAC) represent two prominent yet divergent models in Asia, both emerging from post-authoritarian transitions. Understanding their distinct institutional trajectories provides crucial insights into the dynamics of anti-corruption reform. This study conducts a comparative analysis of the institutional design, operational effectiveness, and political resilience of the KPK and KICAC to identify the determinant factors shaping their successes and challenges in fulfilling their mandates. A qualitative comparative case study approach was employed, analyzing foundational legal documents, official institutional reports, scholarly articles, and reputable media archives. The analysis focused on key variables including legal powers, degree of independence, resource allocation, and the prevailing socio-political contexts in which each agency operated. The findings indicate that the KPK’s comprehensive mandate, which includes investigative and prosecutorial powers, allowed for more high-profile enforcement actions compared to KICAC’s primary focus on prevention and policy coordination. However, this enforcement power also made the KPK a target of sustained political resistance, while KICAC faced challenges of relevance that eventually led to its institutional merger. The long-term success of an ACA depends not only on a robust legal mandate but, more critically, on sustained political support and strong institutional defenses against political co-optation. The divergent experiences of the KPK and KICAC offer vital lessons for designing and safeguarding effective anti-corruption institutions worldwide.
INTEGRATING ZAKAT AND WAQF FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION THROUGH SUSTAINABLE MICROFINANCE PROGRAMS Syarifuddin Syarifuddin; Sharmin Sultana; Imran Rahman
Sharia Oikonomia Law Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/solj.v4i2.3862

Abstract

Poverty remains a critical challenge in many Muslim-majority communities, where conventional welfare and microfinance programs often fail to achieve sustainable economic empowerment. Islamic social finance instruments, including zakat and waqf, offer alternative mechanisms to address both immediate needs and long-term income generation. Integration of these instruments within microfinance programs presents an opportunity to create ethically aligned, sustainable interventions for economically marginalized households. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of combined zakat-waqf microfinance programs in enhancing household income, savings, and asset accumulation, while assessing institutional governance and operational sustainability. The research seeks to provide evidence-based guidance for designing integrated Islamic social finance initiatives that promote long-term poverty alleviation. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including quantitative assessment of 150 participating households, analysis of financial records, and qualitative interviews with beneficiaries and program administrators. Statistical analyses, including income growth measurement, savings accumulation, and repayment performance, were combined with thematic evaluation of governance and operational challenges to provide a comprehensive assessment of program impact. Results indicate that integrated zakat-waqf programs significantly increase household income by 25–28%, improve productive asset acquisition, and maintain high repayment rates above 92%. Findings demonstrate that combining short-term relief and long-term investment creates sustainable poverty alleviation. Integrated programs enhance financial inclusion, empower beneficiaries, and provide a replicable model for ethical microfinance.
Co-Authors Arif Hossain Imran Rahman Syarifuddin Syarifuddin Wijaya Wijaya