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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Cancer
Kemal Akbar Suryoadji
1. Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia 2. Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia — Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Factors That Influence Endometriosis to Become a Malignancy: A Narrative Review Fitriyadi Kusuma; Marshaly Safira Masrie; Kemal Akbar Suryoadji
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : http://dharmais.co.id/

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33371/ijoc.v20i1.1431

Abstract

Endometriosis frequently affects women of reproductive age, and epidemiologic studies suggest it may be linked to an elevated risk of malignancy. Specific histopathological criteria characterise endometriosis-associated malignancy (EAM). Endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC) accounts for about 80% of EAM occurrences, with the remaining 20% occurring outside the ovaries. Genetic mutations, including PTEN, ARID1A, and p53 alterations, are identified in endometriosis and EAM. Factors such as postmenopausal status, older age, and hypoestrogenic conditions have also been linked to higher risks of EAM and EAOC. Due to EAM's rarity, comprehensive data remains limited. This review examines current EAM research, focusing on EAOC and its clinical relevance.
Co-Authors Fitriyadi Kusuma Marshaly Safira Masrie