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All Journal JHN: Journal of Health and Nursing Syamil: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran Islam
Muhammad Rafli Farid Al Farisi
Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta
Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Pendapat Para Ulama Dan Fatwa Mui Dki Jakarta Tentang Hukum Transplantasi (Cangkok) Organ Pada Manusia Marhadi Muhayar; fahmi hanief; Muhammad Hidayatullah; Muhammad Rafli Farid Al Farisi; Sholahuddin Al Ayyubi
JHN: Journal of Health and Nursing Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): JHN: Journal of Health and Nursing, May 2026
Publisher : ASIAN PUBLISHER

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58738/jhn.v4i1.1621

Abstract

Perkembangan teknologi transplantasi organ menimbulkan problematika hukum Islam kontemporer terkait status organ tubuh, izin donor, dan batasan darurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pendapat para ulama serta fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) dan MUI DKI Jakarta tentang hukum transplantasi organ pada manusia, dengan cakupan: (1) transplantasi untuk diri sendiri (autograft); (2) transplantasi dari pendonor mati; dan (3) transplantasi dari pendonor hidup. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, mengkaji kitab-kitab fikih klasik empat mazhab, fatwa ulama kontemporer (Bin Baz, al-Utsaimin, al-Sya’rawi, al-Qaradhawi, Wahbah az-Zuhaili), serta dokumen resmi Fatwa MUI Nomor 11, 12, dan 13 Tahun 2019 dan kumpulan fatwa MUI DKI Jakarta 2018-2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas ulama dan MUI membolehkan transplantasi organ dengan syarat ketat berdasarkan kaidah al-dharurah tubihu al-mahzhurat dan hifdzu al-nafs sebagai prioritas maqashid syariah. Secara rinci: (1) Autograft hukumnya jaiz (boleh) selama tidak membahayakan diri sendiri; (2) Transplantasi dari donor mati diperbolehkan dengan syarat izin wasiat mayit atau ahli waris, serta penetapan kematian oleh dua dokter ahli adil; (3) Transplantasi dari donor hidup diperbolehkan hanya untuk organ berpasangan atau beregenerasi (ginjal, sebagian hati, sumsum tulang, darah, kulit), dengan syarat sukarela, tanpa imbalan materi, dan tidak membahayakan donor secara permanen. Sementara itu, jual beli organ diharamkan secara mutlak, dan xenotransplantasi (organ babi) hanya dibolehkan dalam kondisi darurat ekstrem ketika tidak ada alternatif. MUI DKI Jakarta dalam praktiknya mengikuti fatwa MUI pusat dengan penekanan pada pencegahan komersialisasi organ. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan sosialisasi fatwa secara masif kepada tenaga medis dan masyarakat, serta perlunya regulasi pemerintah untuk mencegah eksploitasi donor.
Otoritas Keagamaan Di Era Digital: Pergeseran Peran Dai Dalam Media Sosial Qusyaeri Aziz; Muhammad Rafli Farid Al Farisi; Taufan Azhari Mujahid; Ahmad Irfan; Siti Nuri Nurhaidah
Syamil: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Syamil
Publisher : Yayasan Syamil Quran Nunukan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65490/syamil-jpdpi.v3i1.56

Abstract

The rapid development of digital technology has brought significant changes to the landscape of Islamic da‘wah, particularly in terms of religious authority. Social media platforms such as YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok have become primary spaces for the dissemination of religious messages, enabling them to reach broad audiences beyond the boundaries of traditional institutional structures. This study aims to analyze the transformation of religious authority and the shifting role of da‘i (Islamic preachers) in the digital era. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method that examines a range of recent scholarly literature on digital da‘wah, religion and media, and Islamic communication. The findings indicate that religious authority has shifted from a knowledge-based and hierarchical model toward a more fluid, participatory model shaped by digital visibility and interaction. In this context, da‘i no longer function solely as transmitters of religious teachings but also as content creators and influencers who actively negotiate their authority within the digital public sphere. Although this transformation has expanded access to religious knowledge, it has also generated challenges, including the commodification of religion, the simplification of religious teachings, and the emergence of pseudo-authorities. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamics of da‘wah and the construction of religious authority in the digital age.
Co-Authors Ahmad Irfan fahmi hanief Marhadi Muhayar Muhammad Hidayatullah Qusyaeri Aziz Sholahuddin Al Ayyubi Siti Nuri Nurhaidah Taufan Azhari Mujahid