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All Journal Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Journal of Maternal and Child Health
Rita Benya Adriani
School of Health Polytechnics Surakarta
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Biopsychosocial Factors Associated with Mental Retardation in Children Aged 6-17 Years in Tulungagung District, East Java Yani Ikawati; Yulia Lanti Retno Dewi; Rita Benya Adriani
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2017)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health

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Background: According to WHO, 15% of the world population, or 785 million people, suffer mental or physical disorders. Mental retardation is a serious problem socially and medically. Mental retardation affects child development in various forms: physical, self-care, communication, social, emotional, and mental. The objective of this study was to determine biopsychosocial factors associated with mental retardation in children aged 6-17 years.Subjects and Method: This study was observational analytic with case control design. It was conducted at Kauman and Tulungangung community health centers in Tulungangung District, East Java, from April to May, 2017. A sample of 100 parents of children aged 6 to 17 years old were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. This sample consisted of 25 parents of children with mental retardation and 75 parents of children without mental retardation. Children with mental retardation were identified and sampled at a disability special school in Tulungagung, East Java. The dependent variable was mental retardation. The independent variables were prenatal history, perinatal history, maternal stress during pregnancy, maternal education, and family income. The data were collected by a pre-tested questionnaire. Maternal stress was measured by Holmes and Rahe stress scale. The data was analyzed by path analysis.Results: Mental retardation was directly associated with prenatal history (b= 1.17; 95%­ CI= 0.65 to 2.27; p= 0.038), perinatal history (b=­ 1.41;­ 95% CI= 0.87 to 2.73; p= 0.037), and maternal stress during pregnancy (b= 1.84; 95% CI = 0.59 to 3.09; p= 0.004). Prenatal history was associated with maternal education (b= -1.16; 95% CI= -2.17 to -0.15; p= 0.025) and maternal stress during pregnancy (b= 1.48; 95% CI= 0.43 to 2.54; p= 0.006). maternal stress during pregnancy was associated with maternal education (b= -1.65; 95% CI= 2.62 to -0.69; p=0.001) and family income (b=-1.35; 95% CI= 2.29 to -0.41; p=0.005). Family income was associated with maternal education (b= 1.70; 95% CI=­­ 0.82 to 2.57; p<0.001).Conclusion: Mental retardation is directly associated with prenatal history, perinatal history, and maternal stress during pregnancy.Keywords: mental retardation, biopsychosocial factors, childrenCorrespondence: Yani Ikawati. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Su­ra­kar­ta, Central Java.  Email: yaniikawati@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285655730050.Journal of Epidemiology and Publich Health (2017), 2(2): 119-129https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2017.02.02.03
Parental Communication, Peer Role, and the Contextual Effect of School on Safe Sex Behavior among Adolescents in Mojokerto, East Java Feny Lianawati; Argyo Demartoto; Rita Benya Adriani
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 3 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University

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The Relationship Between Child Nurturing Pattern, Family Support, and Language Competence in Children Aged 5-6 Years with Auditory Disorder Dewi Tirtawati; Nunuk Suryani; Rita Benya Adriani
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 1 No. 3 (2016)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Hearing is one of the important senses for human that functions as a communication tool and education. Lack of hearing ability in children may hinder development and lead to problem in language and speaking ability. In turn it may affect academic achievement. Hearing disorder therefore needs to be detected early. This study aimed to determine the relationship between child nurturing pattern, family support, and language competence in children aged 5-6 years with auditory disorder.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic and observational study with cross sectional design. It was carried out at
What are the Factors that Affect the Risk of Parenting Stress in Mothers with Disability Children? A New Evidence from Sukoharjo, Central Java Syarifatul Fikriyyah; Rita Benya Adriani; Bhisma Murti
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 3 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Mothers play an important role in the care of children with physical and psychological disabilities. However, the role of caring children with disabilities can cause stress for the mother. Parenting stress can lead to anxiety, emotional instability, and avoidance of the environment in mother. This, in turn, may deteriorate the quality of family life. As a result, children with disabilities may experience development and growth disorders. This study aimed to determine the factors that affect the parenting stress in the caring of children with disability in Sukoharjo District, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at Sanggar Inklusi, Sukoharjo, Central Java, from February to March 2018. A sample of 163 mothers with disabled children was selected for this study by exhaustive sampling. The dependent variable was parenting stress. The independent variables were adversity intelligence, disability level, maternal education, maternal employment status, family income, and family support. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis.Results: The risk of maternal parenting stress increased with children disability (b= 4.64, SE= 1.72, p= 0.07) and mothers working outside the house (b= 1.68, SE= 0.93, p= 0.069). The risk of maternal parenting stress decreased with high adversity intelligence (b= -0.28, SE= 0.12, p= 0.016), high maternal education (b= -8.50, SE= 0.86, p< 0.001), high family income (b= -0.28, SE= 0.16, p= 0.078), and strong family support (b= -0.22, SE= 0.08, p= 0.007).Conclusion: The risk of maternal parenting stress increases with high children disability and maternal employment status, but decreases with high adversity intelligence, high maternal education, high family income, and strong family support.Keywords: parenting stress, children, disabilityCorrespondence:
Co-Authors Argyo Demartoto Bhisma Murti Dewi Tirtawati Feny Lianawati Nunuk Suryani Syarifatul Fikriyyah Yani Ikawati Yulia Lanti Retno Dewi