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Muchlis Bahar
Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang
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Aplikasi Pola Penalaran Bayani Pada Surat Annisa' Ayat 43: Suatu Kajian Usul Fiqih Menurut Metode Penafsiran Semantik Muchlis, Bahar
Ijtihad Vol 31, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15548/ijt.v31i1.52

Abstract

Studi ini akan menelaah secara mendalam Surat Annisa ayat 43 dengan metode penalaran yang dikenal dalam ilmu ushul fiqih. Metode penalaran bayani merupakan salah satu metode penalaran terhadap teks-teks keagamaan dengan pendekatan makna kebahasaan (semantik). Misalnya, apakah makna dari suatu kata (lafaz) bermakna haqiqi (makna yang sebenarnya/makna aslinya) atau majazi (makna metamorforis), cakupan makna suatu kata untuk umum (al-'amm) atau khusus (al-khass), berlaku mutlak (tanpa batas) atau muqayyad (terikat/terbatas dengna kata-kata lain), suatu kata itu sudah jelas maknanya (wadhih) atau masih perlu penjelasan lain, dan kajian lainnya yang sudah dikenal dalam ushul fiqh.
Patterns for Settlement of Punah Inheritance Disputes In the Community of Nagari Salareh Aia from the Perspective of Islamic Law Elfia; Sandria Milka Ratna Sari; Ikhwan; Muchlis Bahar; Nurus Shalihin
Al-Ihkam, Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Vol 17 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v17i2.6246

Abstract

This research aims to investigate the settlement pattern of inheritance disputes in Nagari Salareh Aia as well as the impact of this settlement pattern. This is a field study using customary law and Islamic law approaches. Data were obtained through interviews and document studies. To analyze data, the Creswell approach was used, which includes data reduction, data verification, and drawing conclusion. This research reveals three significant findings. First, the customary settlement pattern, for heirs who control punah inheritance, is done by selling it to other. If there are one or more heirs, the remaining sale of the assets is divided among the heirs after the Mamak's rights are excluded. Second, the settlement of punah inheritance disputes in Salareh Aia fosters close family ties. It also clarifies the heirs' position regarding inheritance and property status, whether it is a high inheritance or low inheritance. Third, based on the pattern of settlement and the resulting impact, it can be concluded that the mechanism for resolving disputes over the Punah inheritance in the Nagari Salareh Aia has fulfilled sharia principles, namely to maintain the property and the honor of the people.
DONATION FOR CHURCH CONSTRUCTION VIEWED FROM SAYYID THANTHAWI'S PERSPECTIVES Muchlis Bahar
Islam Futura Vol 23, No 1 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Islam Futura
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/jiif.v23i1.17869

Abstract

This research aimed at investigating Sayyid Thanthawi's ijtihad pattern and methodology for deciding the law on making donations for church construction. As stated by Islamic teachings, Christians do not regard God to be One since they believe in the Trinity (the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit). Within the national state, however, Muslims and Christians coexist, work together, and assist one another. Conflicts of interest in coexistence might emerge as a result of religious differences. This current study is library research using qualitative descriptive analysis. The data used were secondary data in the form of books written by Sheikh Sayyid Thanthawi, Mufti of the Arab Republic of Egypt, as well as other relevant books. This research found that from Sayyid Thanthawi's viewpoint, a Muslim is permitted to donate to the construction of a church. Sayyid Thanthawi's Ijtihad is moderate since it considers the greater benefit and fosters harmony among religious communities, without ignoring the demands of the Qur'anic text. The ijtihad approach employed is the maslahah theory, which takes into account the benefits and harm that would be caused by the Fatwa's issuing. The implication of this ijtihad is the establishment of concord and peace between Muslims and Christians in Egypt. However, some Egyptian religious scholars restrict donations to church construction, arguing that it is the same as donating to the development of gambling businesses and nightclubs.
Kajian Ulang Muthlak dan Muqayyad Sebagai Metode Istinbat Hukum Helvia Putri; Elsa Elvionita; Silvi Sri Insani; Weldra Ayu Putri; Muchlis Bahar; Firdaus Firdaus
Journal on Education Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Journal on Education: Volume 7 Nomor 2 Tahun 2025 In Progress (Januari-Februari
Publisher : Mathematics Education Study Program

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/joe.v7i2.8101

Abstract

This paper examines the concepts of muthlaq and muqayyad within the context of Islamic law, employing the Mutakallimin and Hanafiyah methods. These two concepts are crucial in understanding and interpreting legal texts in the Quran and Sunnah. Muthlaq refers to an unbound or unrestricted term, while muqayyad refers to a term that has been restricted by another term. This research uses a literature review method to analyze the definitions, examples, and applications of the concepts of muthlaq and muqayyad. The differences between the Mutakallimin and Hanafiyah methods in interpreting these two concepts are also discussed and compared.
Penerapan Lafaz Haqiqah dan Majaz dalam Penetapan Hukum Keluarga Kontemporer Yulizain Putra; Muchlis Bahar; Firdaus
As-Sakinah : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol 4 No 1 (2026): As-Sakinah : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam
Publisher : STAI Pelabuhan Ratu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

In the linguistic hierarchy scheme, Haqiqah occupies a superior position compared to Majaz, because Haqiqah is the main core while Majaz is only a derivative. Consequently, Majaz should not be used as the foundation for establishing Islamic law unless Haqiqah is difficult to implement, and at that time a supporting indicator (qarinah) is needed to clearly guide it. In Arabic linguistics, the term "an-nikâh" encompasses both the essential and the figurative meanings. Imam Nawawi explained that linguistically, "nikâh" means union. Sometimes, this term refers to the "marriage contract," and other times to the "husband-wife relationship." This research is qualitative through a literature study approach, relying on secondary data from relevant OJS-based books and scientific journals. From an in-depth analysis, the author concludes that the understanding of the concept of marriage in Islam—specifically the term "nikah"—can be explained through the lens of Haqiqah and Majaz. Experts in ushul fiqh and Arabic linguists state that the essence of "nikah" is "watha" (intimate relations). However, the fuqaha from the four schools of thought agree that the true essence is "agreement", while the majaz refers to "watha".
Defisit Keridhaan Pengelolaan Dana Tunggu Haji: Tinjauan Kritis Fikih Muamalah Bobby Ferly; Muchlis Bahar; Elfia
HUKUMAH: Jurnal Hukum Islam Vol 2 No 2 (2025): Agustus
Publisher : HUKUMAH: Jurnal Hukum Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Ayat an tarāḍin minkum (QS. An-Nisā: 29) menetapkan keridhaan sebagai fondasi etis transaksi syariah. Sayangnya, model persetujuan tunggal pada setoran awal haji di BPKH memicu "defisit keridhaan", sebuah diskrepansi serius antara mandat pasif jemaah dengan kompleksitas strategi investasi jangka panjang yang risikonya terus berubah. Penelitian yuridis-normatif ini mengkritisi fenomena tersebut menggunakan data sekunder, termasuk regulasi UU Nomor 34 Tahun 2014 dan laporan keuangan terkait. Studi ini mengungkap "paradoks kinerja", di mana kesuksesan administratif seperti opini Wajar Tanpa Pengecualian (WTP) justru mengaburkan informasi krusial mengenai profil risiko dan kegagalan target imbal hasil, sehingga mendegradasi kualitas ridha. Lebih jauh, konstruksi akad wakālah bil istithmār yang statis tanpa mekanisme evaluasi berkala dianggap menciptakan gharar temporal dan melemahkan posisi tawar jemaah. Guna mengatasi intertemporal mis-consent, penelitian merekomendasikan restrukturisasi tata kelola melalui siklus pembaruan persetujuan (Consent Renewal Cycle) tiap lima tahun, penyediaan opsi risiko terdiferensiasi (Amanah, Berkah, Tumbuh), serta transparansi radikal via dasbor "My-Manfaat". Reformasi ini diharapkan mampu memulihkan legitimasi syariah, memperkuat peran Dewan Pengawas Syariah, serta menekan risiko keagenan demi perlindungan hak jemaah yang lebih substantif.
Integration of AI and Adaptive Microfinance in Islamic Banking for Maqashid Sharia-Based Financial Inclusion: A Conceptual Framework Misi Anggraini; Muchlis Bahar; Duhriah; Yulizain Putra
Al-bank: Journal of Islamic Banking and Finance Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): July - Desember 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mahmud Yunus Batusangkar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31958/ab.v6i2.16967

Abstract

Background: Digital transformation and artificial intelligence (AI) are reshaping Islamic banking, creating opportunities to improve financial inclusion while adhering to Maqashid Sharia. Objective: This study develops a conceptual framework integrating AI and adaptive microfinance to promote Maqashid Sharia-based financial inclusion in Islamic banking. Methodology: A qualitative conceptual approach was employed through a comprehensive literature review and policy analysis of studies on AI, adaptive microfinance, Islamic banking, and financial inclusion. Findings: The proposed framework suggests that AI can improve financing assessment, operational efficiency, risk management, and access to financial services for underserved communities. Combined with adaptive microfinance, AI supports the achievement of Maqashid Sharia by enhancing social welfare, protecting wealth, promoting equitable economic opportunities, and reducing poverty. The analysis also identifies key challenges, including regulatory constraints, limited Sharia-compliant digital expertise, algorithmic bias, data privacy, and institutional coordination. Novel Contribution: This study proposes the AI-Based Adaptive Islamic Microfinance Framework, integrating AI, adaptive microfinance, and Maqashid Sharia into a unified conceptual model. Practical Implication: The framework offers strategic guidance for Islamic banks, regulators, and policymakers while providing a foundation for future empirical research
Filling the Vacancy of the Heirs: The Reasoning of the Supreme Court's Qiyās, Certainty of the Law of Adoption in Islamic Family Law Dita Indriani Siregar; Muchlis Bahar; Elfia; Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin
Legitima : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Legitima : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam
Publisher : Universitas Islam Tribakti Lirboyo Kediri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33367/legitima.v8i2.8528

Abstract

Purpose – This study critically evaluates the epistemological shift in Islamic inheritance law within contemporary Indonesian judicial practice by examining Supreme Court Decision No. 179 K/AG/1998 which employs qiyās (analogical reasoning) to grant a "Mandatory Will" for adopted children. It moves beyond descriptive accounts to interrogate whether socio-parental relations and emotional bonding can legitimately substitute nasab (lineage) as a valid legal cause (illah) within Islamic jurisprudence. Methods – Using a normative-legal approach, this research utilizes a transformative legal analysis framework. It combines standard normative legal methods with an operationalized maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah paradigm (drawing on Jasser Auda’s systems approach) and legal pluralism theories (Brian Tamanaha). Primary judicial documents and national child protection statutes are critically analyzed using thematic legal memoing and qualitative coding to assess the epistemological boundaries of judicial ijtihd. Findings – The study reveals that the Supreme Court's application of qiyās reconstructs the ontology of legal relationships by shifting the ʿillah from biological certainty to functional-protective care. While Article 209 of the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) provides a generic regulative basis, lower courts show significant inconsistency. This judicial disparity stems from judges constantly negotiating the tension between rigid doctrinal fidelity to classical text and the dynamic socio-legal demands of contemporary Indonesian family structures. Research implications – Theoretically, this study reconceptualizes qiyas not merely as a rigid formalistic analogical tool, but as a dynamic mechanism of legal transformation that mediates classical textual authority and contemporary empirical realities. It provides a strong epistemic justification for expanding the boundaries of family law reform through a rights-based maqāṣid lens. Originality/value – This study proposes a reconstructive analytical framework for understanding the evolution of qiyas in contemporary Islamic family law. It offers an original critique of the socio-historical constructs of classical inheritance rules, justifying how contemporary social welfare imperatives can legally reconfigure the ontology of inheritance distribution in a pluralistic legal setting.
Dilalah Lafzhiyah In The Hanafiyah Version From The Perspective Of Syafi'iyyah: A Case Study Of The Law Of Ai (Artificial Intelligence) As A Substitute For Mufti Firsta Yuliano; Melia Risnawati; Muchlis Bahar; Firdaus Firdaus
Hukum Islam Vol 26 No 1 (2026): Islamic Law
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24014/hi.v26i1.31417

Abstract

This article discusses the concept of Dilalah Lafzhiyah in the Hanafi school of thought by reviewing it from the Shafi'i perspective and applying it to contemporary cases involving the use of artificial intelligence (AI) as a substitute for muftis. The development of AI technology capable of generating religious answers raises questions regarding the legitimacy of AI's role in providing religious information such as fatwas. This issue requires an analysis of usul fiqh, particularly in the discussion of ad-dilalah as the main instrument for understanding and deriving laws from the texts of the Qur'an and Sunnah. In usul al-fiqh, the Hanafi and Shafi'i schools of thought have different methods of classifying and using ad-dilalah. The Hanafi school divides dilalah into two broad categories: dilalah lafzhiyyah and dilalah ghairu lafzhiyyah, while the Shafi'i school divides it into dilalah manthuq and mafhum. This study uses a descriptive-comparative analysis method by examining the main literature of both schools and then applying it to arguments related to fatwa authority. The results of the study show that, terminologically, there are differences in expression between the Hanafi and Shafi'i schools, but substantively, many concepts have equivalent meanings. For example, the concepts of Ibarah Nash, Isyarah Nash, and Iqtidha' Nash in Hanafiyah are comparable to Manthuq in the jumhur ulama. Similarly, Dilalah Nash in Hanafiyah is equivalent to Mafhum Muwafaqah in the jumhur. However, the main difference lies in Mafhum Mukhalafah, which is recognized by the jumhur ulama but not by Hanafiyah. In the context of AI as a substitute for muftis, the Shafi'i approach, which accepts mafhum mukhalafah, tends to reject the legitimacy of AI as an independent mufti, because it understands ahl adz-dzkr as rational and competent subjects. Conversely, the Hanafi approach, which does not consider mafhum mukhalafah as evidence, opens up a more limited scope of analysis on the function of AI as a tool, not as an authority on fatwas.
Tingkatan al-Maqashid al-Khamsah dan Penerapannya : Levels of al-Maqashid al-Khamsah and their Application Asli Nasution; Salma; Muchlis Bahar; Boiziardi AS; Arlis
Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains Vol. 7 No. 12: Desember 2024 - Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains (JKS)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jks.v7i12.6609

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan al-maqashid al-khamsah (perlindungan agama, jiwa, akal, keturunan, dan harta) dalam kerangka al-dharuriyah (kebutuhan mendasar), al-hajiyah (kebutuhan sekunder), al-tahsiniyah (penyempurnaan), dan al-mukmilat (pelengkap). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan kajian literatur dan analisis pemikiran hukum Islam kontemporer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa maqashid al-khamsah menjadi landasan utama bagi hukum Islam, di mana setiap tujuan berperan penting dalam memenuhi berbagai tingkatan kebutuhan manusia. Struktur hierarki ini memberikan kerangka kerja yang fleksibel namun komprehensif untuk memahami dan menerapkan hukum Islam dalam berbagai konteks. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa integrasi maqashid dari tingkat mendasar hingga pelengkap memperkuat sifat holistik hukum Islam, serta memberikan panduan praktis dalam menghadapi tantangan masyarakat modern. Penelitian lebih lanjut disarankan untuk mengeksplorasi penerapan empiris kerangka ini dalam berbagai bidang
Co-Authors Ade Daharis Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin Arlis Asli Nasution Bobby Ferly Boiziardi AS Dita Indriani Siregar Duhriah Elfia Elfia Elsa Elvionita Firdaus Firdaus Firdaus Firsta Yuliano Helvia Putri Ikhwan Ikhwan Melia Risnawati Misi Anggraini Nurus Shalihin, Nurus Salma Salma Sandria Milka Ratna Sari Silvi Sri Insani Weldra Ayu Putri Yulizain Putra