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All Journal Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
WAHYU ENDRA KUSUMA
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya. Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Application of wheat flour (Triticum aestivum) on spore density and sporulation efficiency of Bacillus megaterium isolated from Litopenaeus vannamei gastrointestinal tract I MADE DEDI MAHARIAWAN; WAHYU ENDRA KUSUMA; ATING YUNIARTI; M.A.G. BELTRAN; ANIK MARTINAH HARIATI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 9 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220914

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Abstract. Mahariawan IMD, Kusuma WE, Yuniarti A, Beltran MAG, Hariati AM. 2021. Application of wheat flour (Triticum aestivum) on spore density and sporulation efficiency of Bacillus megaterium isolated from Litopenaeus vannamei gastrointestinal tract. Biodiversitas 22: 3709-3715. Bacillus megaterium is frequently used in fish farming, such as white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) pond, which can produce spores with high stability in its implementation. Currently, spore production still requires the availability of high-cost carbon sources. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of different wheat flour doses on spore density and sporulation efficiency of B. megaterium BM1. In flasks, 50 mL of each test medium was treated with different doses of wheat (10, 20, 30 and 40 g. L-1, respectively) and glucose was used as a control. Each treatment was inoculated with B. megaterium BM1 (2.6 x 108 CFU. mL-1) and incubated in a shaker incubator (120 rpm) at 37 °C for 120 hours. The results showed that the highest vegetative cell concentration (17 x 108 CFU. mL-1), growth rate (0.8 hour-1) and spore (14.7 x 108 spores. mL-1) were found in the wheat flour dose of 30 g. L-1. Furthermore, the highest sporulation efficiency was achieved at 20 g. L-1 of wheat (91.30%) and germination should be done at a dose less than 40 g. L-1. The size of the spores was 1.35-1.39 µm. Thus, 30 g. L-1 of wheat flour is a potential dose to produce spore for probiotic candidates.  
DNA barcoding of the most common marine ornamental fish species spilled over from a small-sized marine protected area, Bali Barat National Park, Indonesia Dewa Gede Raka Wiadnya; Nia Kurniawan; Anik Martinah Hariati; Septiana Sri Astuti; Akhsan Fikrillah Paricahya; ‪Muhammad Dailami; Wahyu Endra Kusuma
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240107

Abstract

Abstract. Wiadnya DGR, Kurniawan N, Hariati AM, Astuti SS, Paricahya AF, Dailami M, Kusuma WE. 2023. DNA barcoding of the most common marine ornamental fish species spilled over from a small-sized marine protected area, Bali Barat National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 243: 47-54. Healthy coral reefs within a protected area may function as a source of recruitment to the surroundings through spill-over and export larvae. This study aims to generate a list of common species of marine ornamental fishes for the aquarium trade in Indonesia, mainly collected adjacent to Bali Barat National Park (BBNP). Lived-fish samples were collected from six fish collectors in two villages surrounding BBNP, Sumber Kima, Bali, and Bangsring, Banyuwangi. All species were checked by three active fishermen in both villages for confirmation of the most common species and not belonging to the target. A total of 82 separate groups out of 145 specimens were identified based on their morphological characters. All samples were then sequenced based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene amplification. The sequence read lengths for all the specimens were between 655 and 658 bp. All the findings from this DNA barcoding approach were in line with morphological species identification. Wrasses (Family: Labridae) were the most dominant (41 species) representing the group, followed by Pomacentridae (24 species), Acanthuridae (14 species), Pomacanthidae (14 species) and Gobiidae (10 species). Among the species, only green sergeant, Amblyglyphidodon batunaorum, belonged to the Vulnerable (VU) category based on IUCN criteria. The rest were either Least Concern (LC), Data Deficient (DD), or Not Evaluated (NE). It implied that no catch species were under fishing pressure except for the green sergeant. Considering a total of 28 target species by local fishermen (recorded in an earlier article), small-scale fishermen can easily catch more than 100 species in one trip. The results significantly contributed to the need to generate a list of common ornamental fish species specifically exported from Indonesia as an aquarium trade commodity.
Mitochondrial phylogeny and genetic diversity of Hampala barb (Hampala macrolepidota) from the Brantas River, Indonesia ELOK AMALIA; IFA SUFAICHUSAN; MUHAMMAD DAILAMI; ABD RAHEM FAQIH; MAHENO SRI WIDODO; DEWA GEDE RAKA WIADNYA; WAHYU ENDRA KUSUMA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 26 No. 11 (2025)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d261128

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Abstract. Amalia E, Sufaichusan I, Dailami M, Faqih AR, Widodo MS, Wiadnya DGR, Kusuma WE. 2025. Mitochondrial phylogeny and genetic diversity of Hampala barb (Hampala macrolepidota) from the Brantas River, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 26: 5694-5702. Hampala barb (Hampala macrolepidota), a native freshwater fish species in the Brantas River, East Java, is currently under severe threat due to intense fishing and environmental perturbations. The urgency of this situation necessitates the immediate implementation of effective genetic management and conservation programs, which rely on basic scientific information such as genetic characterization. This study aimed to assess the phylogenetic relationships, genetic diversity, population structure, and demographic history of H. macrolepidota using a 1,095 bp sequence of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b from 23 individuals collected across four sampling locations. Phylogenetic analysis showed that H. macrolepidota from the Brantas River clustered together and formed a single group with very shallow genetic divergence. Population structure analyses (both ?st and AMOVA) showed high gene flow and an absence of significant genetic clustering, suggesting the sampled area constitutes a single, interconnected population unit. The combination of high haplotype diversity (hd: 0.714-1.000) but low nucleotide diversity (?: 0.00156-0.00728), along with the negative Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs values, suggested that the species has likely experienced a bottleneck effect followed by a rapid expansion in the past. This decline of genetic diversity points to a reduced long-term adaptive potential, causing the species to be highly vulnerable to future environmental changes, despite its current abundance. The results highlight the urgent need for effective genetic management and conservation programs for the species to focus on maintaining genetic connectivity and minimizing anthropogenic pressures to preserve the genetic integrity and long-term viability of the population. Future studies incorporating nuclear or genome-wide markers would provide finer resolution of population structure and complement the mitochondrial data presented here.
Co-Authors ABD RAHEM FAQIH Akhsan Fikrillah Paricahya ANIK MARTINAH HARIATI Anik Martinah Hariati ATING YUNIARTI DEWA GEDE RAKA WIADNYA Dewa Gede Raka Wiadnya ELOK AMALIA I MADE DEDI MAHARIAWAN IFA SUFAICHUSAN M.A.G. BELTRAN MAHENO SRI WIDODO MUHAMMAD DAILAMI NIA KURNIAWAN Septiana Sri Astuti ‪Muhammad Dailami