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All Journal Didaktik : Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD STKIP Subang Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia
Pirhot Maranata Siburian
Universitas Negeri Medan
Religion Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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TINJAUAN HUKUM PERDATA TERHADAP HUTANG PIUTANG TANPA PERJANJIAN TERTULIS Martina Br Sihotang; Parlaungan Gabriel Siahaan; Noni Aulia Pratiwi; Pirhot Maranata Siburian; Sri Malem Teta Tarigan; Theresia Anggi Natama
Didaktik : Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD STKIP Subang Vol. 12 No. 02 (2026): Volume 12 No. 2, Juni 2026 Release
Publisher : STKIP Subang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36989/didaktik.v12i02.14511

Abstract

Debt relationships without written agreements are a common occurrence in Indonesian society, particularly in transactions based on mutual trust between creditors and debtors. However, the absence of written documents often gives rise to legal issues when disputes or defaults arise. This study aims to examine the legal standing, evidentiary weight, and legal risks of debt agreements entered into without written agreements from the perspective of Indonesian civil law. This study uses a normative legal method with a statute approach and a conceptual approach through a literature review of primary legal materials such as the Civil Code, the HIR, and the ITE Law, as well as secondary legal materials in the form of books, scientific journals, and the opinions of legal experts. The results indicate that debt agreements without written agreements remain valid and legally binding if they meet the four requirements for a valid agreement as stipulated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code. However, the main weakness lies in the evidentiary aspect due to the lack of strong written evidence. Creditors must rely on alternative evidence such as testimonies, confessions, or electronic evidence, which are far less certain. Other risks include uncertainty about the content of the agreement, the potential for abuse, and lengthy and costly litigation. Therefore, drafting a written agreement in the form of a private deed or an authentic deed before a notary is highly recommended for greater certainty and legal protection for the parties.
Kedudukan Anak Perempuan dalam Pembagian Warisan Pada Masyarakat Batak Toba Muslim Ditinjau dari Hukum Islam dan Hukum Adat Dinda Safira Devianda; Dinda Ujung; Pirhot Maranata Siburian; Sri Malem Teta Tarigan; Syuratty Astuti Rahayu Manalu
Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia Vol. 3 No. 10 (2026): OKTOBER 2026
Publisher : PT. Intelek Cendikiawan Nusantara

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Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas kedudukan anak perempuan dalam pembagian warisan pada masyarakat Batak Toba Muslim ditinjau dari hukum Islam dan hukum adat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedudukan dan hak anak perempuan dalam pembagian warisan berdasarkan kedua sistem hukum tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan library research melalui kajian jurnal, buku, dan peraturan hukum yang relevan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa hukum Islam mengakui anak perempuan sebagai ahli waris dengan bagian yang telah ditentukan berdasarkan ketentuan faraid. Sementara itu, hukum adat Batak Toba yang menganut sistem patrilineal secara tradisional lebih mengutamakan anak laki-laki sebagai penerus marga, sedangkan anak perempuan memiliki kedudukan waris yang lebih terbatas. Namun, perkembangan masyarakat telah menyebabkan praktik pewarisan adat menjadi lebih fleksibel. Perbedaan antara hukum Islam dan hukum adat menunjukkan adanya tantangan dalam penerapan pembagian warisan pada masyarakat Batak Toba Muslim. Oleh karena itu, pemahaman terhadap kedua sistem hukum diperlukan agar hak ahli waris, termasuk anak perempuan, dapat dipertimbangkan dalam pembagian warisan.
Co-Authors Dinda Safira Devianda Dinda Ujung Martina Br Sihotang Noni Aulia Pratiwi Parlaungan Gabriel Siahaan Sri Malem Teta Tarigan Syuratty Astuti Rahayu Manalu Theresia Anggi Natama