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All Journal JNKI (Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan Indonesia) (Indonesian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery) Jurnal Sains Kesehatan
Tri Subaeti
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Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary Other

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Faktor Penyebab Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK) dan Anemia di Wilayah Pegunungan dan Pesisir Kabupaten Kebumen: Studi Kualitatif Masruroh Masruroh; Ida Rahmawati; Max Wenno; Tri Subaeti
Jurnal Sains Kesehatan Vol 33, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Tri Mandiri Sakti Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37638/jsk.33.1.118-128

Abstract

Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK) dan anemia pada ibu hamil masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang berdampak terhadap meningkatnya risiko komplikasi kehamilan, persalinan, serta gangguan pertumbuhan janin. Perbedaan kondisi geografis, sosial, ekonomi, dan akses pelayanan kesehatan antara wilayah pegunungan dan pesisir diduga memengaruhi faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya KEK dan anemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor penyebab KEK dan anemia pada ibu hamil di wilayah pegunungan dan pesisir Kabupaten Kebumen. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif di wilayah kerja Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Kebumen, Jawa Tengah. Informan terdiri atas dua informan kunci dari Dinas Kesehatan, enam informan utama yaitu bidan koordinator puskesmas wilayah pegunungan dan pesisir, serta dua informan pendukung sebagai triangulasi. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD), kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Keabsahan data dijamin melalui triangulasi sumber dan metode. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi lima tema utama penyebab KEK dan anemia pada ibu hamil, yaitu rendahnya pendidikan dan pengetahuan, keterbatasan ekonomi yang memengaruhi daya beli pangan serta pola konsumsi yang kurang adekuat, perilaku kesehatan yang belum optimal selama kehamilan, keterbatasan efektivitas edukasi kesehatan dalam mendorong perubahan perilaku masyarakat, dan faktor lingkungan yang memengaruhi akses terhadap pangan dan layanan kesehatan. Faktor-faktor tersebut saling berinteraksi dalam menentukan status gizi ibu selama kehamilan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya promotif dan preventif yang berkelanjutan melalui penguatan edukasi kesehatan, perbaikan pola konsumsi, pemberdayaan keluarga, serta optimalisasi peran tenaga kesehatan dan kader untuk menurunkan kejadian KEK dan anemia pada ibu hamil.Kata Kunci: anemia, ibu hamil, kekurangan energi kronis, wilayah pegunungan, wilayah pesisir
Analysis of health promotion in preventing chronic energy deficiency (CED) among pregnant women in coastal and mountainous areas Masruroh; Wenno, Max Robinson; Tri Subaeti; Rahmawati, Ida
JNKI (Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan Indonesia) (Indonesian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery) Vol. 14 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Alma Ata University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21927/jnki.2026.14(3).465-478

Abstract

Background: Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) in pregnant women is a significant public health problem, especially in coastal and mountainous areas. CED is associated with insufficient energy intake and related to social, economic, cultural, and behavioral factors. Low educational attainment, traditional belief about food taboos, and limited geographic access are major obstacles to improving nutrition for pregnant women.Objectives: to analyze health promotion eforts to prevent CED in pregnant women. Methods: qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach. The research was conducted in the hall of the Kebumen District Health Office on May 26, 2025. The total number of participants was 10 people, consisting of 2 people from the Kebumen District Health Office, 6 community health center coordinator midwives (3 from the coastal/beach area and 3 from the mountainous area) and 2 village midwives (1 from the coastal area and 1 from the mountainous area). Inclusion criteria were current involvement in maternal health-promotion or CED-prevention activities, at least six months of relevant service experience, and willingness to provide informed consent. Individuals were excluded if they declined participation, could not be interviewed during the data-collection period, or did not have direct experience with the program. Informants were selected purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and documentation of health promotion programs.Results: The results identified five main themes: (1) Strengthening Health Education and Counseling for Pregnant Women; (2) Implementation of Nutrition Programs and Cross-Sector Collaboration; (3) Intensive Assistance Through Cadres and Family Support Teams (TPK); (4) Establishment of Special High-Risk Pregnant Women's Classes; (5) Strengthening Pregnancy Examination (ANC Terpadu) for Early Detection. Conclusions: Integrated and sustainable health promotion eforts involving education, nutritional interventions, mentoring, and cross-sector collaboration have proven efective in preventing CED and supporting optimal maternal and fetal health
Co-Authors Ida Rahmawati IDA RAHMAWATI Masruroh Masruroh Masruroh Max Wenno Wenno, Max Robinson