Mohamad Nizam Mohamed Shapie
Universitas Negeri Padang

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Silat in Transition: Integrating Sports Science, Culture, and Competition into a Unified Coaching Framework Mohamad Nizam Mohamed Shapie; Mohamad Rahizam Abdul Rahim; Nagoor Meera Abdullah; Hazim Samsudin; Nasru Syawai Nawai; Nurul Ihsan; Padli Padli
International Martial Arts and Culture Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): International Martial Arts and Culture Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Padang

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This paper examines the transformation of Silat within the Seni Silat Malaysia curriculum through a systematic synthesis of research conducted by Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) from 2013 to 2024. Based on the analysis of 47 peer-reviewed studies, the study traces how Silat has evolved from a traditionally rooted martial art into an interdisciplinary domain integrating sports science, pedagogy, and cultural identity. Using a matrix-based systematic review supported by text-mining techniques, three developmental phases were identified. The first phase (2013–2016) focused on physiological profiling and baseline performance indicators. The second phase (2017–2020) marked a transition toward applied sports science, including training methodologies, coaching strategies, and curriculum integration. The third phase (2021–2024) emphasized interdisciplinary collaboration and international alignment, particularly through the establishment of the AIRBORNE Research Interest Group. Across these phases, five core domains emerged: physical performance, sports-specific training, curriculum integration, recovery strategies, and socio-cultural identity. These domains collectively underpin a unified coaching framework that balances evidence-based practice with cultural authenticity. The emergence of Silat Tempur and its evolution into the Silat EVO competition model demonstrate a clear pathway of research translation into practice. This progression highlights how academic inquiry informs competition design, coaching competencies, and athlete development systems. The findings position Silat as a dynamic martial art in transition, offering a replicable model for integrating tradition, science, and competitive innovation in global martial arts development.
From Tradition to Academia: The Institutionalization of Silat in Malaysia (2014–2024) Mohamad Nizam Mohamed Shapie; Mohamad Rahizam Abdul Rahim; Nagoor Meera Abdullah; Jamiaton Kusrin; Ardo Okilanda; Nurul Ihsan
International Martial Arts and Culture Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): International Martial Arts and Culture Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Padang

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Abstract

This study explores how Silat or Silat Melayu, long rooted in cultural tradition and community practice, has gradually evolved into a recognised academic discipline in Malaysia between 2014 and 2024. Led by Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) and supported by national organisations such as PASSMAL and PESONA, this transformation reflects a deliberate effort to bring together heritage, education, and science within a structured academic framework. Using a qualitative multi-source approach, the study draws on 47 publications, expert insights, and international case comparisons to understand this development. The findings reveal a clear three-phase progression: early efforts focused on building basic scientific evidence, followed by a phase of training innovation, curriculum integration, and athlete safety, and more recently, a shift towards international collaboration and interdisciplinary research through platforms such as AIRBORNE. Across this journey, five key areas have shaped Silat scholarship: performance science, training and conditioning, curriculum development, injury prevention and recovery, and the preservation of cultural identity. The integration of technologies such as motion analysis has further strengthened coaching practices and athlete welfare, while global networks like IMACSSS and UNESCO-ICM have expanded Silat’s academic reach beyond Malaysia. At the same time, this rapid development brings important challenges, particularly in maintaining cultural authenticity and ensuring balanced global partnerships. Overall, the study shows that Malaysia’s experience offers a practical and forward-looking model for integrating indigenous martial arts into higher education. By carefully balancing tradition with scientific advancement, Silat demonstrates how cultural heritage can remain relevant, respected, and globally engaged in the modern academic landscape.