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INTEGRATED BIOREMEDIATION STRATEGIES FOR HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION IN INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER USING GENETICALLY ENGINEERED MICROBIAL CONSORTIA Achmad Agus Salim; Han Jiwon; Seo Jiwon
Research of Scientia Naturalis Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/scientia.v3i3.4214

Abstract

Industrial activities generate heavy metal waste that challenges conventional methods due to their high cost and low efficiency. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an integrated bioremediation strategy using a genetically engineered microbial consortium in removing heavy metal contaminants while simultaneously improving reactor stability, biosafety, and environmental sustainability. Using a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design, this study tested 420 industrial wastewater samples and 180 laboratory- and pilot-scale bioreactors. The bioreactors represented three treatments: the conventional method, the natural microbial consortium, and the genetically engineered microbial consortium. Quantitative analysis involved descriptive statistics, structural equation modeling (SEM), hierarchical regression, and mediation-moderation analysis. Qualitative data from expert interviews, operational observations, biosafety assessments, and regulatory documents were analyzed thematically. The results demonstrated that the genetically engineered microbial consortium significantly improved heavy metal removal efficiency, microbial viability, metabolic stability, biosorption capacity, reactor performance, and environmental sustainability. Microbial viability was found to partially mediate the relationship between genetic engineering and treatment efficiency, while reactor optimization strengthened the influence of metabolic stability on remediation performance. In conclusion, the sustainability of industrial wastewater treatment depends on the coordinated integration of microbial genetic engineering, ecological cooperation, reactor optimization, biosafety management, and environmental governance to provide a scalable bioremediation framework.
Implementing Virtual Reality in Science Education at South Korean High Schools Han Jiwon; Seo Jiwon; Nguyen Thi Mai
Journal Emerging Technologies in Education Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/jete.v3i1.2108

Abstract

Background. The integration of Virtual Reality (VR) into educational settings has gained global momentum, offering immersive and interactive learning experiences that traditional methods often lack. In South Korea, where academic rigor and technological innovation coexist, there is a growing interest in leveraging VR to enhance science education at the secondary level. Purpose. This study investigates the implementation of VR in science classrooms across selected South Korean high schools, focusing on its pedagogical effectiveness, accessibility, and acceptance among teachers and students. Method. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining quantitative survey data from 312 students and 45 science teachers with qualitative insights from focus group interviews and classroom observations. Results. The findings reveal that VR-based instruction significantly increased student engagement, conceptual understanding, and motivation in learning complex scientific phenomena. However, challenges were noted in terms of teacher training, infrastructure limitations, and curriculum alignment. Conclusion. The study concludes that while VR holds strong potential to transform science education in South Korean high schools, successful implementation requires systemic support, including professional development and policy integration. These insights contribute to the ongoing discourse on future-ready STEM education and provide practical guidance for scalable VR adoption.