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All Journal Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian
Dharma, Krisnanda Surya
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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The Influence of Climate Factors on the Incidence Area of Fusarium spp. in Shallots on Java Island during the Triple-Dip La Niña (2020-2022) Dharma, Krisnanda Surya
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 28, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.85639

Abstract

Shallots are a strategic horticultural commodity that contributes to inflation in Indonesia. The productivity of shallots is vulnerable to pests and diseases. Based on the incidence area during the La Niña period (2020 – 2022), Fusarium spp. is among the top five main pests and diseases reported to attack shallot crops in Java. Climate factors are suspected to have an effect on diseases incidence in the field. So far, there has been no research on the influence of climate factors on Fusarium twisted disease in Java. This study aims to analyze the influence of climate factors on the monthly incidence area of Fusarium spp. in Java during the La Niña period (2020 – 2022). The analysis used correlation and simple linear regression tests. Based on the correlation test, humidity and precipitation had a strong positive correlation with the incidence area of Fusarium spp. in shallots. Conversely, the sunshine duration had a strong negative correlation, while the temperature showed no correlation. From the simple linear regression test, humidity, precipitation and sunshine duration was found to strongly influence Fusarium spp. incidence, accounting for 47%, 48% and 40%, respectively (p<0.05). Temperature had no effect because it had the lowest fluctuation among other climate factors, ranging between 26 - 27.5°C, which was ideal for the development of Fusarium spp. To manage Fusarium spp. on shallots, it is recommended to select resistant varieties, optimize plant spacing, use fertilizers judiciously, and utilize healthy seeds. Additionally, the application of biological agents can suppress the growth of pathogenic fungi and increase plant resistance.
Updates on hosts and distribution of pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus and squash leaf curl China virus in Central Java Province, Indonesia Santosa, Adyatma Irawan; Irbati, Adenisa Hanifah; Pratiwi, Geby Nandita Cahyaning; Surwadinata, Antama; Laeshita, Putri; Dharma, Krisnanda Surya; Jaya, Reko Saputra; Andriyani, Annisa Lisa; A'yun, Chilya Qurrota; Fatika, Chusnu Naura Syifa
Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian Vol. 21 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Lancang Kuning

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31849/jip.v21i1.18856

Abstract

Chili pepper, tomato, and squash cultivated in Magelang Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia showed severe viral symptoms. Three samples were taken then molecularly tested against begomovirus, potyvirus, tobamovirus, and polerovirus. However, PCR test confirmed only begomovirus infections. BLAST analysis concluded that the chili pepper and tomato isolates were pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (PepYLCIV) while the squash isolate was squash leaf curl China virus (SLCCNV). The 552 bp partial AV1 gene sequences of the three isolates were given NCBI GenBank acc nos. OR924278-80. PepYLCIV OR924279 and OR924280 formed a subgroup with LC542629 from Bali in the phylogenetic tree constructed using MEGA11, and shared 95.8 – 96.7% identities at nucleotide (nt) and 98.4 – 99.5% at amino acid (aa) levels according to Sequence Demarcation Tool v1.2 software. Meanwhile, SLCCNV OR924278 was clustered, and shared 95.8 – 96.7% nt and 98.4 – 99.5% aa identities with three Malaysian isolates (MW248685, MW248687, and MW248689). Different plant species inoculated with SLCCNV OR924278 remained symptomless up to four weeks observation, suggesting that the isolate is not mechanically transmissible. This study contributed additional knowledge on molecular variation while expanding hosts and distribution of PepYLCIV and SLCCNV in Central Java Province.
Co-Authors A'yun, Chilya Qurrota Adyatma Irawan Santosa Andriyani, Annisa Lisa Fatika, Chusnu Naura Syifa Irbati, Adenisa Hanifah Jaya, Reko Saputra Pratiwi, Geby Nandita Cahyaning Putri Laeshita, Putri Surwadinata, Antama