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Association Between BRCA1 Expression Status and Lymph Node Status in Breast Cancer Patients in NTB Ida Bagus Wisnu Wikananda; Rizka Vidya Lestari; Fathul Djannah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11744

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among women in Indonesia, with incidence and mortality rates continuing to rise. One important factor in the development of this disease is the involvement of BRCA1 gene expression. Disruption of BRCA1 gene function plays a role in tumorigenesis. In addition, axillary lymph node status is an important prognostic factor that determines disease stage and progression. However, the relationship between BRCA1 expression and lymph node involvement is still inconsistent, requiring further research to clarify its association. This study aimed to determine the relationship between BRCA1 expression and lymph node status in breast cancer. This research was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design. BRCA1 expression was assessed using the H-Score method and classified into high expression (H-Score >100) and low expression (H-Score ≤100). Lymph node status was categorized as negative (N−) or positive (N+). Data from 42 breast cancer samples were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that 19 patients (45.2%) had low BRCA1 expression, while 23 patients (54.8%) had high BRCA1 expression. Based on lymph node status, 12 patients (28.6%) were classified as N− and 30 patients (71.4%) as N+. Statistical analysis demonstrated no significant association between BRCA1 expression and lymph node status (p=0.096). In conclusion, BRCA1 expression cannot yet be used as a strong indicator in determining lymph node status in breast cancer patients in NTB.
Association Between BRCA1 Expression Status and Breast Cancer Metastasis Index (cM) in West Nusa Tenggara Alia Alia; Rizka Vidya Lestari; Yan Adhitya Kusuma
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 3 (2026): Juli - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i3.11751

Abstract

Breast cancer remains a major cause of mortality among Indonesian women, with metastasis as its primary prognostic determinant. Although BRCA1 is a key tumor suppressor involved in genomic stability, its association with the breast cancer metastasis index in Indonesian patients remains limited. This research was designed to evaluate the association between BRCA1 expression and breast cancer metastasis index (cM), as well as differences in BRCA1 expression across metastasis categories. A cross-sectional observational study design was employed using 32 samples selected by purposive sampling, consisting of medical records and paraffin-embedded tissue blocks obtained from Pathology Anatomy Laboratory of the NTB provincial hospital. BRCA1 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Bivariate analysis between variables was performed using the Fisher’s Exact test. Of 32 patients, 78.1% were classified as cM1. No significant association was identified between BRCA1 expression and metastasis index (p = 0.394), although low BRCA1 expression was descriptively more frequent in metastatic cases. BRCA1 expression alone is not an independent determinant of metastasis in breast cancer patients in NTB. This suggests that metastasis is multifactorial. Studies with larger samples and additional biomarkers such as hormonal receptors, proliferation index, and metastasis-related proteins are suggested to investigate the metastatic risk in this population.