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All Journal Jurnal Biologi Tropis
Alia Alia
Universitas Mataram
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Association Between BRCA1 Expression Status and Breast Cancer Metastasis Index (cM) in West Nusa Tenggara Alia Alia; Rizka Vidya Lestari; Yan Adhitya Kusuma
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 3 (2026): Juli - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i3.11751

Abstract

Breast cancer remains a major cause of mortality among Indonesian women, with metastasis as its primary prognostic determinant. Although BRCA1 is a key tumor suppressor involved in genomic stability, its association with the breast cancer metastasis index in Indonesian patients remains limited. This research was designed to evaluate the association between BRCA1 expression and breast cancer metastasis index (cM), as well as differences in BRCA1 expression across metastasis categories. A cross-sectional observational study design was employed using 32 samples selected by purposive sampling, consisting of medical records and paraffin-embedded tissue blocks obtained from Pathology Anatomy Laboratory of the NTB provincial hospital. BRCA1 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Bivariate analysis between variables was performed using the Fisher’s Exact test. Of 32 patients, 78.1% were classified as cM1. No significant association was identified between BRCA1 expression and metastasis index (p = 0.394), although low BRCA1 expression was descriptively more frequent in metastatic cases. BRCA1 expression alone is not an independent determinant of metastasis in breast cancer patients in NTB. This suggests that metastasis is multifactorial. Studies with larger samples and additional biomarkers such as hormonal receptors, proliferation index, and metastasis-related proteins are suggested to investigate the metastatic risk in this population.
Co-Authors Rizka Vidya Lestari Yan Adhitya Kusuma