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All Journal Siber Nusantara of Law and Politic Review (SNLPR)
Prassetyo Edi
Universitas Borobudur, Jakarta, Indonesia

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The Impact of Modern Medical Technology on the Transformation of Healthcare Service Contract Structures from Conventional Face-to-Face Contracts to Digital Contracts: An Indonesian Health Law Perspective Adji Annisa Rahmadina; Prassetyo Edi
Siber Nusantara of Law and Politic Review Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Siber Nusantara of Law and Politic Review (April - September 2026)
Publisher : Siber Nusantara Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/snlpr.v2i2.1039

Abstract

The rapid integration of digital technologies into healthcare has fundamentally reshaped the legal framework governing healthcare service delivery. Medical consultations, informed consent, health records, prescriptions, and payment systems are increasingly conducted through electronic platforms, altering the manner in which legal relationships between patients and healthcare providers are established and performed. This transformation raises important legal issues concerning the validity of electronic healthcare contracts, the legal status of therapeutic agreements concluded in digital environments, the protection of personal health data, and the allocation of legal responsibility among healthcare professionals, healthcare institutions, and electronic system providers. This research employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches. Primary legal materials include the Indonesian Civil Code, Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health, Law Number 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection, and Law Number 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions as last amended by Law Number 1 of 2024. The study demonstrates that the digitalisation of healthcare services does not alter the juridical nature of the therapeutic agreement as the legal basis of the physician–patient relationship. Digitalisation instead transforms the structure of healthcare service contracts by introducing electronic consent, electronic medical records, digital evidence, and multiple contractual actors whose rights and obligations extend beyond the traditional relationship between patients and healthcare professionals. Existing legal provisions have yet to provide a comprehensive framework governing these evolving contractual relationships. A reconstruction of healthcare service contracts is therefore required to accommodate digital healthcare practices while preserving legal certainty, safeguarding patients' rights, ensuring personal data protection, and maintaining accountability within Indonesia's healthcare system.
Analysis of the Legal Liability of Hospitals and Medical Device Vendors for Medical Device Failures that Result in Rejection of Health Insurance Claims to Patients Apnas Rachmawati; Prassetyo Edi
Siber Nusantara of Law and Politic Review Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Siber Nusantara of Law and Politic Review (April - September 2026)
Publisher : Siber Nusantara Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/snlpr.v2i2.1040

Abstract

Advances in healthcare technology have significantly improved the quality of medical services through the increasing use of sophisticated medical devices. However, medical device failures may cause substantial harm to patients, including the rejection of health insurance claims, thereby creating complex legal issues regarding the allocation of liability among hospitals, medical device vendors, and health insurance companies. This study aims to analyze the legal responsibilities of hospitals and medical device vendors for medical device failures that result in patient losses and the rejection of health insurance claims under the Indonesian health law framework. It also seeks to formulate an ideal legal framework for the allocation of responsibilities among the relevant parties to ensure fair legal protection for patients. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches. Legal materials were collected through library research, including legislation, legal literature, and scholarly journals, and were analyzed qualitatively using a descriptive-analytical method. The findings indicate that hospitals bear legal responsibility under the doctrine of corporate liability to ensure the safety, quality, and proper management of medical devices used in healthcare services. Medical device vendors are liable under the principle of product liability for product defects, technical failures, and negligence in maintenance and after-sales services. Meanwhile, health insurance companies are obligated to process and settle claims in accordance with the principle of utmost good faith and may not reject claims arbitrarily without conducting an objective investigation into the cause of the loss. This study concludes that Indonesia requires a more comprehensive legal framework governing the allocation of responsibilities through an integrated investigation mechanism that promotes legal certainty, justice, accountability, and effective legal protection for patients as the most vulnerable parties in healthcare services.
Medical Records as Evidence of the Performance of Obligations in Therapeutic Agreements: An Analysis of Legal Certainty and Legal Protection in Indonesian Hospital Services Dewi Indrayani; Prassetyo Edi
Siber Nusantara of Law and Politic Review Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Siber Nusantara of Law and Politic Review (April - September 2026)
Publisher : Siber Nusantara Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/snlpr.v2i2.1041

Abstract

Advances in healthcare technology have significantly improved the quality of medical services through the increasing use of sophisticated medical devices. However, medical device failures may cause substantial harm to patients, including the rejection of health insurance claims, thereby creating complex legal issues regarding the allocation of liability among hospitals, medical device vendors, and health insurance companies. This study aims to analyze the legal responsibilities of hospitals and medical device vendors for medical device failures that result in patient losses and the rejection of health insurance claims under the Indonesian health law framework. It also seeks to formulate an ideal legal framework for the allocation of responsibilities among the relevant parties to ensure fair legal protection for patients. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches. Legal materials were collected through library research, including legislation, legal literature, and scholarly journals, and were analyzed qualitatively using a descriptive-analytical method. The findings indicate that hospitals bear legal responsibility under the doctrine of corporate liability to ensure the safety, quality, and proper management of medical devices used in healthcare services. Medical device vendors are liable under the principle of product liability for product defects, technical failures, and negligence in maintenance and after-sales services. Meanwhile, health insurance companies are obligated to process and settle claims in accordance with the principle of utmost good faith and may not reject claims arbitrarily without conducting an objective investigation into the cause of the loss. This study concludes that Indonesia requires a more comprehensive legal framework governing the allocation of responsibilities through an integrated investigation mechanism that promotes legal certainty, justice, accountability, and effective legal protection for patients as the most vulnerable parties in healthcare services.
Co-Authors Adji Annisa Rahmadina Apnas Rachmawati Dewi Indrayani