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All Journal International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS)
Widigdo Rekso Negoro
Institute of Technology, Science and Health (ITSK) Hospital Dr. Soepraoen Kesdam V Brawijaya
Health Professions

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Impact of lower limb elevation on blood pressure in cesarean patients: a quasi-experimental study Suryanto Suryanto; Widigdo Rekso Negoro; Sindu Sintara; Annes Rindy Permana; Muhammad Rodli; Reko Priyonggo
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 15, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v15i3.27038

Abstract

Among the available anesthetic techniques, spinal anesthesia remains the preferred method for cesarean section procedures, because of its rapid onset and safety profile; however, it is frequently associated with hypotension that may compromise maternal and fetal stability. This study was conducted to assess the influence of lower limb elevation as a non-pharmacological intervention on blood pressure following spinal anesthesia. A one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was implemented to evaluate 90 cesarean section patients who met the inclusion criteria. Blood pressure values, including systolic and diastolic parameters, were obtained at baseline and at the 5th, 10th, and 15th minutes after spinal anesthesia, and the data analysis using paired t-tests indicated significant increases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure over time, with mean systolic pressure rising from 87.59 mmHg to 97.89 mmHg and mean diastolic pressure increasing from 59.56 mmHg to 67.21 mmHg at minute 15 (p < 0.001). This study provides context-specific clinical evidence on the hemodynamic effects of lower limb elevation among post-spinal anesthesia cesarean section patients in a clinical setting. However, the non-inclusion of a control group and randomization reduce the strength of causal interpretation. These findings provide support for the notion that lower limb elevation may enhance potential benefits as a supportive intervention for post-spinal hypotension and warrant further controlled studies to confirm its efficacy.
Association between postoperative pain severity and oxygen saturation: a retrospective cross-sectional study in surgical patients Ircham Saifudin; Widigdo Rekso Negoro; Annes Rindy Permana; Agus Budi Prasetyo; Muhammad Rodli; Sindu Sintara
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 15, No 3: September 2026
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v15i3.27040

Abstract

Postoperative pain is a common clinical problem that may compromise physiological stability and delay recovery, potentially reducing oxygenation, increasing infection risk, and prolonging hospitalization. This study aimed to examine the correlation between postoperative pain intensity and oxygen saturation levels. This study employed a quantitative correlational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach using retrospective medical record data. Data were collected at a single time point, with both postoperative pain intensity and oxygen saturation (SpO₂) measured simultaneously at approximately 12 hours after surgery when patients were clinically stable in the postoperative ward. A total of 208 eligible patients were included using total sampling. Data were analyzed descriptively and using the Chi-square test, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. The results showed that 74% of patients experienced severe pain and 26% mild pain, while 49.5% presented with reduced oxygen saturation. A statistically significant association was identified between pain intensity and oxygen saturation (p < 0.001). Patients with low oxygen saturation were 25.5 times more likely to report severe pain (OR = 25.505; 95% CI: 6.379-101.979). In conclusion, postoperative pain intensity is significantly associated with oxygen saturation levels. These findings support the integration of subjective pain assessment with objective physiological monitoring, and future prospective studies are recommended to clarify causal relationships.
Co-Authors Agus Budi Prasetyo Ircham Saifudin Muhammad Rodli Permana, Annes Rindy Reko Priyonggo Sindu Sintara Suryanto Suryanto