<![CDATA[Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease whose prevalence continues to increase globally and nationally, driven substantially by modifiable lifestyle factors. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between lifestyle factors (physical activity, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, dietary patterns, and stress) and the incidence of Diabetes Mellitus among patients at Prima Husada Cipta Hospital, Medan. Methods: This study employed an analytical observational design with a case-control approach. A total of 200 respondents, comprising 100 cases and 100 controls, were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using the Chi-Square test and multivariate logistic regression with a significance level of α = 0.05. Results: Bivariate analysis showed significant relationships between the incidence of DM and physical activity (p = 0.000), smoking habits (p = 0.000), alcohol consumption (p = 0.000), and dietary pattern (p = 0.003), while stress showed no significant relationship (p = 0.262). Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that physical activity was the most dominant factor influencing DM with the highest Odds Ratio (OR = 48.966; 95% CI 5.981–400.891; p = 0.000). Conclusion: Physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and dietary pattern are significantly associated with the incidence of DM, with physical activity as the dominant determinant. Promotion of healthy lifestyle behaviours is essential in preventing DM.]]>
