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All Journal Majority Science Journal
Muhammad Jamil
UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Vicarious Religion as A Methodological Challenge in Modern Sociology of Religion Muhammad Jamil; Raden Rezeki Alam; Dody S. Truna; Rifki Rosyad
MSJ : Majority Science Journal Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): MSJ - August
Publisher : PT. Hafasy Dwi Nawasena

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61942/msj.v4i3.640

Abstract

This study explores the concept of vicarious religion introduced by Grace Davie to explain the transformation of religiosity amid modernity, a process initially predicted to trigger total secularization. The concept refers to a phenomenon in which religious practice is carried out by an active minority on behalf of a passive majority who, despite not participating routinely, still expect religion to be present as a guardian of morals and collective identity. This study aims to explain the theoretical framework of vicarious religion, identify its forms of manifestation, and analyze the methodological challenges it raises for modern sociology of religion. The findings show that vicarious religion is manifested through delegative rituals, beliefs entrusted to specific authorities, moral representation in public issues, and the reactivation of religion’s role as a “reservoir of meaning” in times of crisis. Methodologically, this phenomenon challenges conventional quantitative approaches that measure only physical attendance, and encourages the use of interpretive and mixed methods to capture the latent dimensions of religiosity. In conclusion, there has been a shift from obligation-based to choice-based religion, in which religion continues to perform significant social and symbolic functions through mechanisms of representation.
The Thought of Ibn Hajar Al-'Asqalani on Hadith Science Muhammad Jamil; Raden Rezeki Alam; Moh. Najib; Engkos Kosasih
MSJ : Majority Science Journal Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): MSJ - August
Publisher : PT. Hafasy Dwi Nawasena

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61942/msj.v4i3.641

Abstract

This paper aims to comprehensively analyze the monumental thought and contributions of Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani (773–852 AH) in the field of hadith science, covering three main domains: musthalah al-hadith (hadith terminology), syarah hadith (hadith commentary), and jarh wa ta'dil (narrator criticism). The method used is qualitative library research, employing descriptive-analytical analysis of primary works such as Fath al-Bari, Nukhbat al-Fikar, and Taqrib al-Tahdzib. The findings show that in musthalah al-hadith, Ibn Hajar successfully systematized hadith classification through a deductive-hierarchical framework in Nukhbat al-Fikar. In the field of commentary, his masterwork Fath al-Bari stands as the culmination of the hadith commentary tradition, integrating multidisciplinary approaches such as history, linguistics, and jurisprudence. In jarh wa ta'dil, his contribution is evident in the standardization of twelve levels (maratib) of narrator evaluation, providing an objective standard for chain-of-transmission criticism. This paper concludes that Ibn Hajar's intellectual dedication cemented his position as Amir al-Mu'minin fi al-Hadits (Commander of the Faithful in Hadith), whose scholarly legacy remains a standard reference in contemporary hadith studies worldwide.
Co-Authors Dody S. Truna Kosasih, Engkos Moh. Najib Raden Rezeki Alam Rifki Rosyad