Saputra, Fandawa
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Business Development of The Ecotourism of Javan Gibbon: A Marketing Mix Strategy at Gede Pangrango National Park Saputra, Fandawa; Sunarminto, Tutut; Arief, Harnios; Kamilah, Khairiyah
Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis dan Manajemen (JABM) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2024): JABM, Vol. 11 No. 1, Januari 2025
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jabm.11.1.228

Abstract

Background: Javan gibbons are a protected species facing conservation challenges in Bodogol Resort, Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park. Ecotourism has been shown to benefit both conservation and local economies in other regions.Purpose: This study aimed to assess visitor perceptions of Javan gibbon ecotourism development using a 4Ps marketing mix approach to identify areas for improvement and inform future conservation and tourism initiatives. The areas for improvement include product attributes such as offered package for tourists, chosen tourist provider, the offered price by seeing the willingness to pay, spots to enjoy the tourism, and effective promotion channels.Methods: Descriptive analysis and statistic descriptive analysis were employed to examine visitor perceptions. Data were collected through surveys administered to visitors to Bodogol Resort.Results: Findings indicate that tourists have a positive perception of Javan gibbon ecotourism, proven by the score given by local tourist and foreign tourists are 5.7 and 5.9 in a row. These scores show the degree of agreement (out of 7) about Javan gibbon ecotourism that brings positive impacts for the environment, social, and the Javan gibbon itself. However, there is a need to enhance the 4Ps marketing mix, including pricing, product offerings, promotion, and place. Specifically, prices should be adjusted based on visitor willingness to pay is IDR500,000 to IDR1,000,000 which have not been analyzed before. Social media promotion should be done with the involvement of influencers and community.Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the potential of Javan gibbon ecotourism to contribute to both conservation and local development. By implementing recommended strategies with 4P’s marketing mix approach, Bodogol Resort can further enhance visitor experiences such as formed package to offer to the tourist from various potential activity found from this research. The offered package adjusted to the willingness to pay of local and foreign tourist that ranged from IDR500,000 to IDR1,000,000. Respondents also agree that this ecotourism activity also support the long-term survival of this endangered species.Originality: There’s no business development for javan gibbon ecotourism before at Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park. This research also uses VALS Survey analysis to form the promotion strategy. Keywords: business development, ecotourism, javan gibbon, marketing mix, touris
Gender and Occupation in Digital Marketing: How Consumers Perceive Promotion Mix For English Certification Programs Kamilah, Khairiyah; Saputra, Fandawa; Retnaningsih
Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis dan Manajemen Vol. 11 No. 3 (2025): JABM Vol. 11 No. 3, September 2025
Publisher : School of Business, Bogor Agricultural University (SB-IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17358/jabm.11.3.725

Abstract

Background: The increasing demand for English certification programs has led educational institutions to refine their digital marketing strategies to reach potential candidates effectively. However, demographic factors, such as gender and occupation, significantly influence how consumers perceive and engage in promotional content. Understanding these differences is crucial for designing targeted and effective marketing strategies in the educational sector.Purpose: This study examines how gender and occupation influence respondents' perceptions of the promotion mix for an English certification program, the preferred channel for discovering certification events, and their motivation for enrolling. The research particularly explores preferences in social media usage, word-of-mouth recommendations, interactivity in official accounts, soft versus hard selling content, and the effectiveness of ads across different platforms.Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative research design was employed with 500 respondents (250 male and 250 female) from different occupational backgrounds: students, freelancers, job seekers, and professionals. Data were analyzed using Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) to simultaneously assess the influence of gender and occupation on multiple dependent variables. Normality tests confirmed that the data met the assumptions of MANOVA analysis.Findings/Result: The results reveal the following: Gender significantly influenced respondents’ preference for word-of-mouth recommendations (p2) and interactive official accounts (p3), with females showing higher engagement in both; Occupation significantly affects social media preference (p1), promotional content style (p4), and the preferred channel for event discovery, with students and job seekers favoring Instagram/TikTok, whereas professionals rely more on LinkedIn and email marketing; Interaction effects (gender × occupation) were significant for preference for interactive official accounts, particularly among female students and female job seekers; No significant differences were found in ad placement preferences (p5) across gender and occupation groups.Conclusion: This study highlights that gender and occupation are key determinants of digital marketing effectiveness in English certification programs. Marketing strategies should be tailored to demographic segments, with peer-driven promotions and interactive content appealing more to female audiences, while channel selection and content style should be aligned with occupational preferences.Originality/value (State of the art): This study contributes to the digital marketing and education industry by providing empirical evidence on how demographic factors influence the effectiveness of promotion mix strategies. Unlike previous studies that focus solely on gender or occupation, this study examines their combined effects using MANOVA analysis, offering a more comprehensive understanding of consumer preferences in education marketing. These findings provide practical insights for marketers to develop more personalized and data-driven promotional strategies for online courses and certification programs. Keywords: digital marketing, promotion mix, social media advertising, consumer behavior, english certification, gender differences