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p-Index From 2021 - 2026
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All Journal Journal of Green Complex Engineering
Ashari Abdullah Abdullah
Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering

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Evidence-Informed Biophilic Public Library Design for Humid-Tropical Makassar Suratul Annisa; Syahriyunita Syahruddin Syahruddin; Siti Fuadillah Alhumairah Alhumairah; Muh. Syarif Syarif; Sahabuddin Latif Latif; Ashari Abdullah Abdullah; Irnawaty Idrus
Journal of Green Complex Engineering Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Gio Architect

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59810/greenplexresearch.v4i1.280

Abstract

Public libraries in growing tropical cities need to function as inclusive civic-learning infrastructure rather than as book repositories. This study develops an evidence-informed framework for a biophilic public library and study center in Makassar, Indonesia. A research-by-design method integrated 2020–2024 demographic data, comparison of two candidate sites, humid-tropical climate conditions, activity-based spatial programming, precedent studies, and biophilic-design literature. Analysis combined descriptive statistics, compound annual growth, ordinary least-squares trend estimation, program normalization, and directional interpretation of sun, wind, potential noise exposure, and access. Potential users increased from 410,000 to 429,000, corresponding to 1.14% compound annual growth. The 2034 planning range is approximately 474,700–484,000 potential users. The selected approximately 1.6-ha site requires responses to eastern traffic exposure, western afternoon heat, high humidity, and monsoon rainfall. The 5,696 m² program assigns 70% to primary learning activities. The three-level proposal combines planted buffers, a semi-open atrium, reading stairs, flexible spaces, a shaded envelope, and mixed-mode conditioning. The resulting framework provides a traceable process for connecting user demand, climate, program, landscape, envelope, and operation within a testable design hypothesis. Environmental and behavioral performance remains subject to simulation, stakeholder review, and post-occupancy evaluation.
Living Craft Infrastructure: A Neo-Vernacular Tri-Ethnic Gallery Framework for Makassar Krisdayanti; Ashari Abdullah Abdullah; Citra Amalia Amal Amal; Rohana Abdullah; Nurhikmah Paddiyatu Paddiyatu; Muh. Syarif Syarif
Journal of Green Complex Engineering Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): August
Publisher : Gio Architect

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59810/greenplexresearch.v4i1.281

Abstract

Bugis, Makassar, and Toraja crafts embody material knowledge, social memory, and economic value, yet their exhibition, production, education, promotion, and conservation remain spatially dispersed. This study develops a design framework for an integrated South Sulawesi Handicraft Gallery that represents the three traditions equitably through a neo-vernacular architecture responsive to Makassar’s coastal climate. A research-through-design method combined document and literature review, cultural-object mapping, site observation, visitor projection, user and activity analysis, room-program reconciliation, precedent synthesis, and iterative translation of cultural and environmental principles. The internally consistent visitor series rose from 3.50 million in 2022 to 6.29 million in 2025. A linear model projects 15.89 million citywide visitors in 2035; a two-percent attraction capture corresponds to about 317,800 annual or 871 daily visits, supporting an initial peak capacity of approximately 1,000 visitors per day. The reconciled program assigns 14,429.2 m² within a 16,721 m² gross envelope. The design combines a communal plaza, three parallel cultural zones, visible workshops, learning spaces, collection-care rooms, separate logistics, woven shading screens, cross-ventilation, vegetation, and targeted environmental control. The framework positions the gallery as living cultural infrastructure connecting heritage stewardship, experiential learning, artisan visibility, and the creative economy.
Co-Authors Citra Amalia Amal Amal Idrus, Irnawaty Krisdayanti Muh. Syarif Syarif Nurhikmah Paddiyatu Paddiyatu Rohana Abdullah Sahabuddin Latif Latif Siti Fuadillah Alhumairah Alhumairah Suratul Annisa Syahriyunita Syahruddin Syahruddin