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All Journal PENDIPA Journal of Science Education
Zayyan Zhafirah Arofia Susanto
Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia
Chemistry Education Mathematics

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Dilema Alokasi Fiskal Sektor Pertahanan: Kajian Persepsi Publik terhadap Modernisasi Alutsista dalam Konteks Krisis Ekonomi Indonesia Zayyan Zhafirah Arofia Susanto; Novky Asmoro; Subur Wahono
PendIPA Journal of Science Education Vol 10 No 3 (2026): July - September
Publisher : UNIB Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33369/pendipa.10.3.1078-1084

Abstract

This study analyzes the dynamics of defense budget efficiency in Indonesia, highlighting the tension between the need to modernize the Defense Main Equipment System (Alutsista) and fiscal constraints amid the multidimensional economic crisis triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a qualitative approach and literature review, the guns-versus-butter paradox is examined, in which the state must balance defense investment aimed at achieving the Minimum Essential Force (MEF) and progressing toward the Optimum Essential Force (OEF) against the urgent need for social safety nets. The findings reveal a duality in public perception: assessments of national security remained positive, while criticism emerged toward aggressive debt-financing schemes (front-loading) that could intensify fiscal risks and distributive concerns. A comparative case study of the cancelled Mirage 2000-5 acquisition due to fiscal constraints and the staged procurement of Dassault Rafale aircraft, supported by foreign credit facilities and industrial-offset arrangements, shows that large-scale modernization can be structured to distribute fiscal obligations across budget years while generating domestic industrial benefits. The results imply the need for disciplined top-down planning, affordability and life-cycle cost assessment, transparent financing, and measurable technology-transfer and offset outcomes to strengthen national defense self-reliance.
Co-Authors Novky Asmoro Subur Wahono