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All Journal Scientific Journal of Mechanical Engineering Kinematika
Andreas Argo Daru
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Automotive Engineering Energy Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering

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STUDI EKSPERIMENTAL PERBANDINGAN KINERJA PENDINGINAN IMERSI DAN UDARA UNTUK DATA CENTER Andreas Argo Daru; Indro Pranoto; Fauzun Fauzun
Scientific Journal of Mechanical Engineering Kinematika Vol 11 No 2 (2026): SJME Kinematika December 2026
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/sjmekinematika.v11i2.915

Abstract

The efficiency with conventional air cooling systems in controlling surplus heat has reached its limits due to the growing computing load in data centers. On a server with a 100% workload, this study compares the thermal performance and energy efficiency of air cooling and single-phase immersion cooling systems. An experimental test utilized Shell S3X dielectric fluid at a steady flow rate of 1.75 LPM to simultaneously cool an Intel Xeon E-2336 CPU and an Nvidia RTX A400 GPU. The findings demonstrate that immersion cooling significantly lowered operating temperatures by 17.50% for the GPU from 80.0 °C to 66.0 °C and by 35.53% for the CPU from 76.0 °C to 49.0 °C. This performance improvement is caused by a large increase in the convective heat transfer coefficient of up to 157.37% compared to conventional air cooling, which directly reduces the system's thermal resistance by up to 60.81%. In terms of energy efficiency, immersion cooling achieved a Power Usage Effectiveness score of 1.04, compared to 1.69 for the air system, and a Cooling Performance Index of 15.76.
Co-Authors Fauzun Fauzun Indro Pranoto