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All Journal Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam Jurisprudensi: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, Perundang-undangan, Ekonomi Islam Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Al-Muamalat: Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Syari'ah Lentera:Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Islamic Studies Al-Mizan: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Ekonomi Syariah Jurnal Ilmu Multidisplin
Muhammad Jafar
IAI Ummul Ayman Pidie Jaya, Indonesia
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences

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Juridical Analysis of the Amount of Diyat Toward Armed Conflict Victims in Aceh Munawarsyah Munawarsyah; Januddin Januddin; Muhammad Jafar
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Vol 1, No 4 (2018): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute December
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33258/birci.v1i4.99

Abstract

Islamic criminal law recognizes a kind of punishment called as diyat (compensation) for victims of murder and torture which has been apologized by the victim or family of victim. Diyat is amount of money or properties that should be paid by the perpetrator due to the death or damage of victim body. The legal basis for the determination of diyat can be found in Koran, chapter Al-Baqarah verse 178. Apart from that, there is Hadist of Muhammad Prophet written by Abu Dawud (peace be upon him), explaining the amount of diyat based on crime category whether murder or torture.Aceh Governance has implemented this kind of punishment as a solution on criminal offences in realizing and fulfilling justice for armed conflict victims since 2002. In providing the policy of such payment for the victims in Aceh is based on the assumption that they are under the responsibility of state, therefore the government has determined the compensation on them. The amount of the compensation provided for the victims is not equal to the amount ruled by Islamic criminal law. Therefore, it is interesting to explore regarding the concept becoming the basic for determining it by Aceh Government, and compared it to the amount ruled by the law.The research reveals that the sum of money for the compensation of what called diyat based on Islamic criminal law is the standard concept but it can be replaced by sum of money or properties that have equal price. The basic rules for this punishment in Islamic criminal law can be found in Al-Baqarah verse 178 of Koran. Moreover, regarding the sum of payment that should be provided can be found in Hadith of Prophet of Muhammad Peace be upon him which is told by Imam Abu Daud, mercy Allah for him. Practically, in Islamic criminal law the court, responsible persons and a due date for the payment must decide it.  The rule consisting in the Islamic law is really different from the implementation of compensation done by Aceh Government towards the victims in Aceh. It is recommended that the Aceh Government should realize the rules of the sum of compensation that should be received by the victims or the families based on the determination of the Court as a legal basis. In addition, the Central government as the main responsible party in repairing the condition of the society after the conflict should become the priority and absolute. The law enforcement in fulfilling the rights in Aceh should be done by involving some parties especially priest. Hence the society of the victims in Aceh obtains justice and legal certainty to get their rights.
Peran Pemerintah Pidie Jaya dalam Pembinaan Keluarga Pasangan di Bawah Umur: (Telaah Implementasi Peraturan Perundang-Undangan) Muhammad Jafar
Al-Mizan Vol 9 No 1 (2022): Al-Mizan
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Ekonomi Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Pernikahan itu bertujuan untuk suatu tujuan keluarga bahagia sakinah mawaddah wa rahmah. Namun tujuan itu kadang terhambat disebabkan para pasangan belum memasuki usia kematangan dalam melaksanakan pernikahan yang disebut dengan pernikahan dini. Dalam hal ini selain keluarga, pemerintah Daerah penting untuk terlibat memberikan pembinaan dan pendampingan agar terwujudnya tujuan keluarga. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan, pengumpulan datanya melalui observasi dan wawancara mendalam dengan informan kunci. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemerintah Kabupaten Pidie Jaya lewat Dinas Sosial bagian Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak dan bidang Jaminan Sosial tidak serius menangani masalah pembinaan terhadap pasangan pernikahan dini, sebab kasusnya sedikit dan tidak ada data valid yang masuk.
Hukum Hafalan Al-Qur’an Dan Hadis Sebagai Mahar Nikah: (Studi Terhadap Hadis Tentang Mahar) Muhammad Jafar
Al-Mizan Vol 8 No 2 (2021): Al-Mizan
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Ekonomi Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1184.783 KB)

Abstract

Pemberian mahar atau maskawin pada waktu pernikahan merupakan salah satu perintah dalam Islam. Namun nash tidak menentukan jumlah mahar yang harus dibayarkan seorang suami terhadap istrinya, disebabkan manusia itu berbeda­beda tingkatan kekayaan dan kemiskinannya. Walaupun demikian, ulama tidak ada kesepakatan jumlah minimal mahar, dan tidak ada batas jumlah maksimalnya. Akan tetapi dianjurkan agar mahar itu sederhana, agar tidak mempersulit orang yang menginginkan kawin. Mahar yang diberikan beraneka ragam bentuknya, terutama mahar bentuk harta benda (materi), mahar bentuk jasa, dan hafalan (non materi). Pada masa Nabi Saw persoalan ini pernah muncul di tengah masyarakat ketika itu. Peristiwa tersebut diriwayatkan oleh Sahl bin Sa’d. Berdasarkan ini sebagian Ulama memahami secara tekstual berkesimpulan bahwa batas minimal kuantitas mahar adalah cincin besi atau yang senilai dengannya, dengan kualitas sesuatu yang dapat diambil manfaatnya. Sedangkan ulama yang lain melihat hadis ini dalam kaitannya dengan asbabal-wurudnya kemudian melahirkan pendekatan kontekstual berkesimpulan bahwa batas minimal kuantitas sebuah mahar adalah senilai dengan nisab potong tangan, sedangkan cincin besi adalah batasan minimal untuk mahar yang disegerakan. Ulama lainnya yang memasukkan pengajaran al-Qur’an dapat dijadikan sebagai mahar berkesimpulan bahwa batas minimal kuantitas mahar adalah tidak terbatas, selama ada kerelaan, keridhaan dan kesepakatan antara kedua belah pihak yang yang melakukan akad. Secara dhahir hadis Sahl hafalan seseorang juga dapat dijadikan sebagai mahar nikah, bagi yang tidak ada kemampuan selain itu.
Implementation of DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 108 Year 2016 on Hospitality in Aceh; Grand Permata Hati, Ayani Hotel, and Oasis Atjeh Hotel Mulyadi, Deni
Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): JIEI : Vol.10, No.2, 2024
Publisher : ITB AAS INDONESIA Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29040/jiei.v10i2.13608

Abstract

This study describes the implementation of the DSN-MUI fatwa No. 108 of 2016 concerning guidelines for hotel management based on Sharia principles at the Grand Permata Hati Hotel, Ayani Hotel, and Oasis Atjeh Hotel. The purposes of this study are to find out the implementation of the DSN-MUI Fatwa No. 108 of 2016 and to find out the obstacles in its implementation at the three hotels. This field research uses qualitative descriptive analysis techniques through a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of this study conclude that: first, Grand Permata Hati Hotel, Ayani Hotel, and Oasis Atjeh Hotel have implemented 6 out of 7 sharia hotel provisions in DSN-MUI No. 108 of 2016. Second, the obstacles that caused the DSN-MUI fatwa not to be fully fulfilled are because, 1) apart from using sharia financial services by Grand Permata Hati, Ayani Hotel, and Oasis Atjeh Hotel, the hotels are still unable to leave conventional financial services. 2) There are still many hotel guests using conventional services in making transactions, generally they come from outside the province of Aceh and still depend on these banking services.
Sengketa Harta Bersama: Tinjauan Yuridis atas Status Bangunan Menantu di Tanah Mertua Muhammad Muhammad
Al-Muamalat Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Syariah Vol 10 No 1 (2025): Al-Muamalat: Jurnal Hukum Dan Ekonomi Syari'ah
Publisher : IAIN Langsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/muamalat.v10i2.14783

Abstract

This study examines the juridical status of buildings constructed by sons-in-law on land owned by their parents-in-law in Mesjid Tuha, Pidie Jaya Regency, a situation that frequently triggers disputes over marital property following divorce. The primary issue arises from the overlap of ownership rights and the lack of adequate administrative evidence, resulting from a culture of trust that often neglects formal legal documentation. This qualitative research employs a juridical-empirical approach and utilizes the interactive analysis model developed by Miles and Huberman. The findings indicate that, although the building is legally classified as marital property under the principle of horizontal separation, the son-in-law’s position remains highly vulnerable due to the absence of authentic financial documentation. In Mesjid Tuha, dispute resolution is more effectively achieved through Sulh (amicable settlement) or village-level customary mediation, which generally results in a financial compensation agreement based on the value of the building. This approach is considered the most maslahah (beneficial) because it safeguards the son-in-law’s economic rights without negating the parents-in-law’s ownership rights over the land, while simultaneously preserving family harmony. The study emphasizes the importance of asset documentation within marriage as an integral part of sound administrative governance in Islamic society.
Agama Perspektif Sigmund Freud: An illusion of Obsession Bobby Fahreza; Husnaini; Muhammad Jafar; Muhammad Al Mustafa; Darmadi
Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025): Jurnal Ilmu Multidisplin (Januari-Maret 2025)
Publisher : Green Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jim.v3i4.1840

Abstract

Dalam kehidupan sosial kontemporer, agama tidak hanya dipahami sebagai sistem kepercayaan normatif yang mengatur perilaku eksternal, tetapi juga sebagai pengalaman batin yang membentuk cara individu mengelola kecemasan, rasa bersalah, dan pencarian makna eksistensial. Kajian mutakhir psikologi agama menunjukkan bahwa religiusitas bersifat ambivalen, berfungsi sebagai sumber ketenangan sekaligus ruang ketegangan psikologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi bagaimana pengalaman keberagamaan beroperasi sebagai mekanisme regulasi kecemasan dan pengendalian moral melalui perspektif psikoanalitik Sigmund Freud yang didialogkan dengan psikologi agama kontemporer. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif interpretatif dengan analisis dokumen terhadap karya utama Freud dan literatur ilmiah terkini mengenai scrupulosity, negative religious coping, dan konflik keberagamaan. Data dianalisis menggunakan thematic analysis refleksif untuk mengidentifikasi pola makna berulang dalam pengalaman religius problematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tiga tema utama, yaitu agama sebagai regulator kecemasan dan rasa bersalah moral, repetisi ritual yang dipicu pencarian kepastian moral, serta konflik eksistensial antara makna spiritual ideal dan pengalaman psikologis subjektif. Temuan ini menegaskan ambivalensi religiusitas yang dapat memberi struktur dan rasa aman sementara, namun juga berpotensi mempertahankan tekanan psikologis. Teoretis, penelitian ini mereposisi konsep agama sebagai obsessional neurosis dalam pemikiran Freud sebagai kerangka interpretatif non-reduksionis. Secara praktis, studi ini menekankan integrasi literasi kesehatan mental dalam pendidikan dan pendampingan keagamaan.
Financial Literacy, Career Ambitions, and Childfree Decisions among Millennial Couples in Pidie Jaya: A Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah Perspective Muhammad Jafar; Miftahul Jannah
Lentera: Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Islamic Studies Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Lentera: Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Islamic Studies
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana IAIN Langsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/lentera.v8i1.14775

Abstract

This study examines the phenomenon of childless living among millennial couples in Pidie Jaya Regency, a region characterised by strong Islamic and Acehnese cultural values. The research aims to analyse how financial literacy and career ambitions influence couples’ decisions to remain childless, using Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah as a critical analytical framework. Employing a qualitative descriptive method, data were collected through in-depth interviews with ten selected millennial couples. Empirical findings indicate that financial literacy and career aspirations contribute to a risk-mitigation approach to family planning among the informants. Rather than signifying a total paradigm shift in society, this phenomenon reflects micro-level adaptation by specific couples facing the complexities of the modern economy. Analysed through Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah, the findings reveal a dynamic tension between the traditional priority of ḥifẓ al-nasl (preservation of lineage) and the couples’ direct focus on ḥifẓ al-māl (protection of property) and ḥifẓ al-nafs (protection of life/mental well-being). This study concludes that the decision not to have children among these particular couples constitutes a renegotiation of individual family planning, driven by financial and psychological readiness. This research contributes to sociological studies of Islamic family law by providing empirical evidence of how traditional theological narratives are critically navigated by the millennial generation in semi-rural societies.
Pluralism of Inheritance Law: Gender Justice in Islamic and Acehnese Customary Perspectives Januddin Januddin; Muhammad Jafar; Nurlinda Yani
Jurisprudensi: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, Perundang-Undangan dan Ekonomi Islam Vol. 18 No. 1 (2026): Jurisprudensi: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, Perundang-Undangan dan Ekonomi Islam
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah IAIN Langsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/jurisprudensi.v18i1.14120

Abstract

Ideally, the inheritance law system in Indonesia is expected to realize inclusive justice for all parties, including in terms of gender. However, in reality, the pluralism of law consisting of Islamic law, customary law, and civil law reveals fundamental differences in inheritance distribution, which often lead to inequality, particularly for women. This study aims to analyze how gender justice is understood and implemented within a plural inheritance law system, as well as how local practices in Aceh reflect the interaction between Islamic law and customary law. This article is categorized as a library research with a qualitative approach. The methodology used is normative legal study and comparative study. The results conclude that the pluralism of inheritance law in Indonesia provides flexibility in legal application but also has the potential to create legal uncertainty and gender injustice. From an Islamic perspective, inheritance distribution is based on distributive justice, while customary law shows variations depending on kinship systems. Local practices in Aceh demonstrate an integration of Islamic law and customary law through deliberation, although they do not yet fully reflect contextual gender justice.
Konsep Akad dalam Al-Qur’an: Analisis Tafsir Al-Baghawi dan Relevansinya terhadap Transaksi Kontemporer Muhammad Jafar; Muhammad Al-Mustafa; Muhammad Syahrial Razali Ibrahim
Al-Muamalat Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Syariah Vol 11 No 2 (2026): Al-Muamalat: Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Syari'ah
Publisher : IAIN Langsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/muamalat.v11i2.14466

Abstract

This study aims to comprehensively analyze the concept of contracts (‘aqd) in the Qur’an from the perspective of Imam al-Baghawi’s Tafsir Ma‘ālim al-Tanzīl and its relevance to the dynamics of contemporary transactions. This study employs a qualitative approach based on library research, using content analysis to examine Qur’anic verses concerning contractual obligations, particularly Q.S. al-Mā’idah [5]: 1, Q.S. al-Isrā’ [17]: 34, and Q.S. al-Baqarah [2]: 282. The findings indicate that Imam al-Baghawi conceptualizes ‘aqd not merely as a formal instrument of civil law, but as a theological and ethical bond reflecting the quality of a Muslim’s faith. Al-Baghawi emphasizes the principles of mutual consent (riḍā), justice (‘adl), honesty (ṣidq), and dispute mitigation through written documentation (kitābah) and witnessing (ishhād). In the contemporary context, al-Baghawi’s perspective offers preventive and ethical solutions to various challenges in digital transactions and Islamic economics, particularly in preventing injustice, manipulative contractual clauses, and fraud.
Co-Authors Bobby Fahreza Darmadi Husnaini Januddin Januddin Miftahul Jannah Muhammad Al Mustafa Muhammad Al-Mustafa Muhammad Syahrial Razali Ibrahim Munawarsyah Munawarsyah Nurlinda Yani