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All Journal Pangkaja: Jurnal Agama Hindu
Desak Nyoman Sri Suyasning Putri
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Religion Humanities Social Sciences

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KOEKSISTENSI KEAGAMAAN HINDU DAN BUDDHA DI SITUS GOA GAJAH: ANALISIS KONSTRUKSI SOSIAL BERGER DAN LUCKMANN DALAM PENGUATAN MODERASI BERAGAMA Heri Purwanto; Mery Ambarnuari; Anak Agung Ayu Alit Widyawati; Desak Nyoman Sri Suyasning Putri; I Wayan Joni Artha
Pangkaja: Jurnal Agama Hindu Vol 29 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Hindu Negeri I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar

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Abstract

This study examines religious coexistence between Hinduism and Buddhism at Goa Gajah Temple, Bali, through the perspective of Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann’s theory of social construction and its relevance to strengthening religious moderation. The study employs a qualitative-interpretive approach, with data collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and literature review. Data were analyzed by interpreting archaeological remains, religious symbols, historical contexts, and information from relevant informants. The findings indicate that the coexistence of Śaiva and Buddhist traditions at Goa Gajah can be understood through the processes of externalization, objectivation, and internalization. Archaeological evidence, including lingga, Ganesha, bathing structures, stupas, Dhyani Buddha statues, and Hariti, demonstrates the presence of both traditions within a shared sacred landscape. This coexistence reflects values of tolerance, non-violence, acceptance of local traditions, and shared social life, which remain relevant to contemporary religious moderation. Keywords: Goa Gajah; religious coexistence; Śaiva-Buddhist; social construction; religious moderation.
Co-Authors Anak Agung Ayu Alit Widyawati Heri Purwanto I Wayan Joni Artha Mery Ambarnuari