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Produksi Ekstrak Bioaktif Untuk Aditif Pangan Dari Limbah Kulit Buah Naga: Pengaruh Metode Pre-Treatment Dan Ekstraksi Shofinita, Dian; Bindar, Yazid; Jaelawijaya, Arwinda Aprillia; Harimawan, Ardiyan; Fawwaz, Mifta
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 8 No 1 (2020): Edisi Bulan Mei (Edition for May)
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2020.8-dia

Abstract

Dragon fruit is one of the tropical fruits can be grown in Indonesia. The skin of dragon fruit, which is accounted for 30-35% of the whole fruit usually thrown away as waste. This study aims to produce a bioactive extract from extraction of dragon fruit skin that is rich in phenolic and pigment compounds then it used as food additives. The variation that was used in this study includes the application of drying as pre-treatment of dragon fruit skin and the extraction methods (maceration and Soxhlet extraction). The obtained extracts were evaluated for the amount of total phenolic compounds and pigments (anthocyanin and betacyanin). Drying of dragon fruit skin was found to yield lower amounts of bioactive materials, which may occur due to the thermal degradation even though a low drying temperature was used. In addition, the maceration method was found to give a higher amount of bioactive materials compared with the Soxhlet method. The extraction with the highest yield of bioactive materials was obtained by the use of fresh dragon fruit skin and maceration for 240 minutes, which gave amounts of anthocyanin, betacyanin, and total phenolic compounds of 0.08, 0.04, dan 0.35 mg/g fresh dragon fruit skin, respectively.
Novel Study of Reaction Kinetics and Mass Transfer in Bioreactor Modelling: Prediction of Bioethanol Fermentation Performance by Saccharomyces cerevisiae on Continuous Fixed Bed Biofilm Plug Flow Reactor Aslan, Christian; Devianto, Hary; Wonoputri, Vita; Harimawan, Ardiyan
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2024: BCREC Volume 19 Issue 4 Year 2024 (December 2024)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20230

Abstract

Bioethanol implementation as a renewable fuel has yielded economic, social, and environmental benefits, including reduced fossil fuel consumption, enhanced energy diversity and supply security, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and support for agricultural communities. These impacts underscore the importance of advancing innovation and optimizing processes to increase bioethanol production. Therefore, basic knowledge of chemical engineering in bioethanol fermentation is important to be learnt as a preliminary study, such as reaction kinetics and transport phenomena. This work studies the reaction kinetics and mass transfer in continuous fixed bed biofilm plug flow reactor modelling to predict anaerobic Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation performance, which is still not studied comprehensively. This modelling provides an overview of the influence of various independent variables, namely temperature, initial substrate concentration, cell concentration, superficial flow rate, reactor diameter, and solid particle diameter on various dependent variables, namely final product concentration, residence time, reactor length, reactor volume, product productivity, and pressure drop. The most sensitive parameters related to product productivity are temperature and cell concentration, so in its implementation, the temperature must be controlled at its optimum temperature, and the inoculum must be prepared with high cell concentration. For the next study, it is recommended to study the optimization of reactor design and operation (i.e. the pumping system, cooling system, and pH control of the reactor) and the implementation of the reactor on the plant scale. Copyright © 2024 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
The Effect of Illumination, Electrode Distance, and Illumination Periods on the Performance of Phototrophic Sediment Microbial Fuel Cells (PSMFCs) Harimawan, Ardiyan; Devianto, Hary; Khodiyat, Nicholas; Gatalie, Kreszen Livianus; Aslan, Christian
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 56 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2024.56.1.1

Abstract

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can potentially be used to overcome issues with battery powered light buoys and their frequent maintenance. In this study, a phototrophic sediment microbial fuel cell (PSMFC) was chosen, as the microalgae provide oxygen to be reduced on the cathode and to release the necessary nutrients for the bacteria on the anode. To achieve this, we studied the effect of illumination, the period of the illumination, and the distance between 9-cm2 stainless steel mesh electrodes on the performance of the MFC. The illuminated cells were able to produce higher OCP (max. 205.2 mV) and higher power density (max. 0.68 mW/m2). However, the highest current was achieved during the unilluminated variation (max. 5.3 μA unilluminated and 3.3 μA illuminated). Prolonged illumination produced a higher OCP, current, and power density. A longer electrode distance produced a higher OCP, power density, and current. SEM analysis showed that biofilm formation tended to be scattered at lower electrode distance and more clumped (filling the anode area) at higher electrode distance. Through FTIR analysis, it was found that all MFC variations had the same organic matter, but a more concentrated organic content was found in the MFC at longer electrode distances.