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All Journal ELITERATE : Journal of English Linguistics and Literature Studies
Beta Setiawati
Universitas Duta Bangsa
Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

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GENDERED AND NON-GENDERED ATTACKS IN TRUMP'S 2024 HARRIS-RELATED RHETORIC Evi Murti Wardhani; Ratini Setyowati; Beta Setiawati
ELITERATE : Journal of English Linguistics and Literature Studies Vol 5, No 3 (2026): ELITERATE : Journal of English Linguistics and Literature Studies
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Literature, Universitas Negeri Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26858/eliterate.v5i3.88917

Abstract

Political attacks directed at female candidates are sometimes interpreted as sexist even when the language does not explicitly refer to gender. This distinction matters for linguistic research because derogation, gender stereotyping, and audience effects require different evidence. Earlier studies have examined gendered political framing, but the boundary between sex-specific and generic attacks in a small compilation of statements from the 2024 Trump–Harris campaign remains unclear. This article critically re-examines 11 Harris-directed quotations previously selected from a secondary news compilation through Sara Mills’ distinction between overt and indirect sexism. The design is a bounded qualitative reappraisal of the supplied quotations, supported by contextual scholarship; no voter interviews, behavioral measures, or independently verified transcript archive was available. A conservative coding protocol considers explicit gender markers, appearance-based framing, non-gendered political insults, and ambiguous cases. One quotation explicitly foregrounds Harris as ‘a woman,’ and an appearance comparison supplies a second gender-salient but context-dependent example. The remaining nine statements criticize competence, ideology, or performance, or contain an ableist insult; their sexism cannot be established from the quoted wording alone. Published 2024 exit-poll figures provide descriptive electoral context but do not establish why individuals voted as they did. The article contributes an auditable distinction between a hostile statement’s target and its demonstrable gendered linguistic mechanism. Original-source verification and an independently documented recoding process remain essential before treating these provisional interpretations as validated findings.
Co-Authors Evi Murti Wardhani Ratini Setyowati