<![CDATA[Background: Environmental sustainability has become a strategic priority in the maritime industry, making sustainability reports an important medium of corporate communication. However, limited studies have examined how environmental responsibility is constructed through language across different institutional contexts. Objective: This study aims to compare environmental discourse construction in sustainability reports of Indonesian and multinational shipping companies and explore the role of institutional context, organizational identity, and stakeholder expectations. Methods: A qualitative document analysis was conducted using the 2024 sustainability reports of PT PELNI (Persero), PT ASDP Indonesia Ferry, Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC), and CMA CGM. The analysis applied Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis framework integrated with Systemic Functional Linguistics, Appraisal Theory, Legitimacy Theory, and Ecolinguistics. Results: The findings reveal two environmental discourse patterns. Indonesian state-owned enterprises emphasize public responsibility, governance, national connectivity, and community welfare, while multinational companies highlight innovation, decarbonization, climate leadership, and technological transformation. These differences indicate that sustainability discourse is influenced by institutional context and organizational identity. Conclusion: This study identifies two discourse models: Public Service Sustainability Discourse and Global Sustainability Leadership Discourse. The findings contribute to sustainability communication research by highlighting corporate sustainability reports as an emerging genre of Maritime English and English for Specific Purposes (ESP), while supporting their use as authentic materials for developing critical discourse awareness and professional communication skills in maritime education.]]>
