Imada Cahya Septiyaningsih
Uninversitas Negeri Yogyakarta

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Why do rivers matter in history? Solo River in environmental historiography Dimas Aditia; Imada Cahya Septiyaningsih; Dendi Rona Purnama; Anisa Anisa; Siswantoyo Siswantoyo; Soegiarto Hartono
Harmoni Sosial: Jurnal Pendidikan IPS Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026): September
Publisher : Program Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/hsjpi.v13i2.96246

Abstract

This article examines the Bengawan Solo, the longest river in Java, as a dynamic historical actor. It argues that rivers are not passive backdrops but active agents shaping environmental, social, and political transformations across time. Under Dutch and briefly British colonial rule, the Bengawan Solo was reimagined as a site of modernisation and extraction. Large-scale engineering projects, particularly the Solo Valleiwerken, sought to control flooding, expand plantation agriculture, and facilitate trade.  This study uses a historiographical essay approach to examine the development of scholarly interpretations concerning the environmental history of the Bengawan Solo River. Beyond infrastructure, the river occupies a powerful place in cultural memory. Immortalized in the song “Bengawan Solo” by Gesang Martohartono, it became an emblem of nostalgia, nationalism, and transnational circulation during and after the Second World War. Drawing on literature, images comparative and environmental historiography, this article demonstrates that the Bengawan Solo encapsulates the entangled histories of colonialism, development, and ecological change in Indonesia. Rivers matter in history because they mediate power, connect local and global processes, and continually shape while being reshaped by human societies.