<![CDATA[Multicultural societies require citizens who demonstrate social justice awareness, equality values, and responsible attitudes toward diversity. Higher education plays an important role in developing these qualities through inclusive citizenship education. This study examines the relationships between inclusive citizenship education, social justice awareness, equality values, and citizenship attitudes among university students. A quantitative explanatory design was applied using data collected from 200 students selected through purposive sampling. Respondents completed a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares. The measurement model demonstrated satisfactory convergent validity, discriminant validity, and internal consistency. The structural analysis showed that inclusive citizenship education positively contributed to social justice awareness, equality values, and citizenship attitudes. Equality values and social justice awareness also strengthened students’ citizenship attitudes, with equality values demonstrating the stronger contribution. These findings indicate that citizenship attitudes develop more effectively when civic learning combines inclusive experiences, awareness of inequality, and commitment to equal rights. Universities should therefore integrate democratic dialogue, multicultural learning, reflective activities, collaborative projects, and community-based problem-solving into citizenship education to develop inclusive, responsible, and socially sensitive students.]]>
