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All Journal JURNAL HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL Literatus Humaniorum Journal
Sukmatika, Anak Agung Yumas
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Humanities Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Social Sciences

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Journal : Humaniorum Journal

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Perubahan Struktur Demografis Indonesia: Tantangan & Rekomendasi Sukmatika, Anak Agung Yumas
HUMANIORUM Vol 3 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Humaniorum
Publisher : PT Elaborium Elevasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37010/hmr.v3i1.62

Abstract

Indonesia sedang mengalami pergeseran demografis yang signifikan antara tahun 2020 dan 2040, dengan populasi usia kerja (15-64 tahun) diproyeksikan mencapai 64% dari total populasi. Pergeseran ini menghadirkan peluang untuk dividen demografis, yang berpotensi mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan. Kelas menengah dan milenial, dua kelompok demografis utama, akan mendorong pertumbuhan ini melalui peningkatan konsumsi dan keterlibatan digital. Namun, tantangan seperti risiko jatuh ke dalam perangkap pendapatan menengah, kepatuhan pajak yang rendah, dan pengangguran di kalangan lulusan harus ditangani. Studi kualitatif ini, menggunakan pendekatan Lexy J. Moleong, menggunakan data deskriptif yang berasal dari berbagai teks tertulis, laporan, dan dokumen yang relevan untuk menganalisis dampak perubahan demografis. Penelitian ini menawarkan rekomendasi kebijakan untuk memanfaatkan dividen demografis, termasuk meningkatkan infrastruktur, meningkatkan pendidikan, membina kewirausahaan, dan meningkatkan kepatuhan pajak. Dengan kebijakan yang tepat, Indonesia dapat memanfaatkan pergeseran demografisnya untuk mencapai pertumbuhan ekonomi yang berkelanjutan dan mengatasi jebakan pendapatan menengah.
Analisis Maraknya Eksploitasi Buruh Anak pasca Liberalisasi Perdagangan di Tiongkok Sukmatika, Anak Agung Yumas
HUMANIORUM Vol 2 No 3 (2024): Jurnal Humaniorum
Publisher : PT Elaborium Elevasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37010/hmr.v2i3.53

Abstract

This study employs Marxism theory to examine the factors contributing to the escalation of child labor in China. China has undergone substantial economic growth since the implementation of trade liberalization and economic reform in 1978. Presently, China holds the position of being the world's second-largest economy following the United States (US). Nevertheless, the prevalence of child labor has risen due to pronounced economic disparities between urban and rural areas coupled with a demand for low-cost labor in the industrial sector. This study employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach to analyze non-numeric and descriptive data from various literature sources, including books, journal articles, and research reports. This study demonstrates that trade liberalization has exacerbated labor exploitation in China. Local governments as well as businesses frequently disregard regulations that prohibit child labor in order to maximize their profits. Furthermore, there exists a pervasive perception that children are economic assets rather than individuals requiring care and education. Many Chinese families rely on their children as the primary means of economic sustenance for the family, neglecting their educational needs. The findings of this research indicate persistent and worsening exploitation of child labor contrary to expectations of improved well-being through economic advancement. Ultimately, the fundamental tenets of Marxism, such as historical materialism, economic determinism, and false consciousness, are crucial for comprehending the rise of child labor in China.
Co-Authors Anak Agung Ayu Intan Parameswari Putu Ratih Kumala Dewi