Zaini Abdul Malik
Prodi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, Fakultas Syariah, Universitas Islam Bandung

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Analisis Akad Mudharabah terhadap Bisnis Peternakan Hanur Arifin; Zaini Abdul Malik; Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 193-200
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.19656

Abstract

Abstract. This research is motivated by the practice of sheep farming partnerships in Genteng Village, Cipongkor District, commonly known as the paro domba system. This system represents a traditional and informal partnership between the capital owner (shahibul maal) and the livestock farmer (mudharib), without any written agreement. The capital owner provides the livestock, while all operational costs and potential losses are borne by the farmer. Such a practice creates an imbalance of responsibilities, which contradicts the fundamental principles of the mudharabah contract in Islamic economic law—namely justice, risk-sharing, and contractual clarity from the outset. This study aims to describe the practice and analyze its compliance with the principles of mudharabah in Islam. A descriptive qualitative method with a normative approach was used, employing interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that the paro domba system does not yet reflect a sharia-compliant mudharabah contract, as the profit-sharing mechanism is not accompanied by fair risk distribution. Therefore, there is a need for education and structural improvements in the contractual system to align it with sharia values of justice. Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh praktik kerja sama peternakan domba di Desa Genteng, Kecamatan Cipongkor, yang dikenal dengan istilah “paro domba”. Sistem ini merupakan bentuk kemitraan antara pemilik modal (shahibul maal) dan peternak (mudharib) yang dilakukan secara tradisional dan informal, tanpa perjanjian tertulis. Pemilik modal hanya menyediakan hewan ternak, sementara seluruh biaya operasional dan risiko kerugian ditanggung peternak. Praktik ini menimbulkan ketimpangan tanggung jawab yang tidak sejalan dengan prinsip dasar akad mudharabah dalam hukum ekonomi syariah, yang mengedepankan keadilan, pembagian risiko, dan kejelasan akad sejak awal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan praktik kerja sama tersebut serta menganalisis kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip-prinsip akad mudharabah dalam Islam. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan normatif, melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem “paro domba” belum mencerminkan akad mudharabah yang sesuai syariah, karena adanya pembagian hasil yang tidak diiringi dengan pembagian risiko yang adil. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan edukasi dan perbaikan sistem akad agar sesuai dengan nilai-nilai keadilan syariah.
Analisis Akad Mudharabah terhadap Implementasi Kerja Sama Bisnis Kafe Lalana Space Cikoneng Kabupaten Bandung Fakhar Muhammad Fauzan; Zaini Abdul Malik; Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 281-288
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.20198

Abstract

Abstract. This research is titled “Analysis of the Mudharabah Contract in the Implementation of Business Cooperation at Kafe Lalana Space Cikoneng, Bandung Regency.” The study examines a partnership between a capital owner and a manager resembling a mudharabah contract. The objective is to describe the cooperation practice and analyze its compliance with fiqh muamalah principles. The findings indicate alignment in terms of parties involved, capital, business clarity, and profit-sharing. However, discrepancies exist, such as the absence of a written contract and unclear additional capital in the form of assets. Based on fiqh muamalah, the cooperation does not fully meet the valid conditions of a mudharabah contract and is thus deemed invalid. Administrative improvements and clear contract formulation are recommended to align the practice with sharia principles.of Kafe Lalana Space Cikoneng, Bandung Regency.” The study examines a partnership between a capital owner and a manager resembling a mudharabah contract. The objective is to describe the cooperation practice and analyze its compliance with fiqh muamalah principles. The findings indicate alignment in terms of parties involved, capital, business clarity, and profit-sharing. However, discrepancies exist, such as the absence of a written contract and unclear additional capital in the form of assets. Based on fiqh muamalah, the cooperation does not fully meet the valid conditions of a mudharabah contract and is thus deemed invalid. Administrative improvements and clear contract formulation are recommended to align the practice with sharia principles. Abstrak. Penelitian ini berjudul “Analisis Akad Mudharabah terhadap Implementasi Kerja Sama Bisnis Kafe Lalana Space Cikoneng, Kabupaten Bandung.” Penelitian ini mengkaji kemitraan antara pemilik modal dan pengelola yang menyerupai akad mudharabah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan praktik kerja sama yang terjadi serta menganalisis kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip-prinsip fikih muamalah. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan adanya kesesuaian dalam hal pihak-pihak yang terlibat, modal, kejelasan usaha, dan sistem bagi hasil. Namun, terdapat beberapa ketidaksesuaian, seperti tidak adanya akad tertulis serta tambahan modal berupa aset yang tidak dijelaskan secara jelas sejak awal. Berdasarkan fikih muamalah, kerja sama ini belum sepenuhnya memenuhi syarat sah akad mudharabah dan oleh karena itu dianggap batal. Diperlukan perbaikan administratif dan perumusan akad yang jelas agar praktik kerja sama ini sesuai dengan prinsip syariah.
Tinjauan Akad Qardh terhadap Praktik Pinjam Meminjam Bapak Johan dengan Ibu Angel di Kelurahan Ciateul, Kecamatan Regol, Kota Bandung Syahla Alfiyah; Zaini Abdul Malik; Zia Firdaus Nuzula
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 317-324
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v5i2.20385

Abstract

Abstract. The practice of borrowing and lending is a socio-economic activity that is very common in people's lives. In Islam, this practice is known as the qardh contract, which is giving loans without any reward or benefit, solely as a form of help. However, in reality, there are not a few lending practices that are carried out in accordance with sharia principles, such as the absence of a written contract, the unclear repayment period, or even an additional reward agreement that falls under the category of usury. This study aims to analyze the practice of borrowing and borrowing between Mr. Johan and Mrs. Angel that occurred in Ciateul Village, Regol District, Bandung City, from the perspective of Islamic law. The research method used is a qualitative method with a field study approach. Data was obtained through interviews with the parties involved, as well as sources of fiqh experts, then analyzed using Islamic legal theories, especially muamalah fiqh. The results of the study show that the practice of borrowing and borrowing does not meet the principles of justice and clarity set by Islamic law, and there is an element of riba in the form of additional distribution of house sales proceeds. Therefore, this practice cannot be justified by sharia, and there is a need for muamalah legal education to the public to avoid practices that are contrary to Islamic teachings. Abstrak. Praktik pinjam meminjam merupakan kegiatan sosial ekonomi yang sangat lumrah terjadi dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Dalam Islam, praktik ini dikenal dengan akad qardh, yaitu memberikan pinjaman tanpa imbalan atau keuntungan, semata-mata sebagai bentuk tolong menolong. Namun, pada kenyataannya, tidak sedikit praktik pinjam meminjam yang dilakukan secara tidak sesuai dengan prinsip syariah, seperti tidak adanya akad tertulis, tidak jelasnya jangka waktu pengembalian, atau bahkan terdapat kesepakatan imbalan tambahan yang termasuk kategori riba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis praktik pinjam meminjam antara Bapak Johan dengan Ibu Angel yang terjadi di Kelurahan Ciateul, Kecamatan Regol, Kota Bandung, dalam perspektif hukum Islam. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi lapangan. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan pihak yang terlibat, serta narasumber ahli fiqih, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teori-teori hukum Islam, khususnya fiqih muamalah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik pinjam meminjam tersebut tidak memenuhi prinsip keadilan dan kejelasan yang ditetapkan oleh hukum Islam, serta terdapat unsur riba dalam bentuk tambahan pembagian hasil penjualan rumah. Oleh karena itu, praktik ini tidak dapat dibenarkan secara syariah, dan perlu adanya edukasi hukum muamalah kepada masyarakat agar terhindar dari praktik yang bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam.
Analisis Hukum Islam terhadap Penerapan Undang-Undang Nomor 33 Tahun 2014 Tentang Jaminan Produk Halal di RPH Ciroyom Kota Bandung Ilham Nur Rohman; Zaini Abdul Malik; Ira Siti Rohmah Maulida
Bandung Conference Series: Sharia Economic Law 17-26
Publisher : UNISBA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/bcssel.v6i1.23236

Abstract

Abstract. The objective of this research is to analyze the implementation of Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Guarantee (JPH Law) at the Ciroyom Slaughterhouse (RPH) in Bandung City, as well as to review it from an Islamic legal perspective. The primary objective of the present study is to examine the implementation of regulations following the enactment of the Job Creation Law, with a focus on the refinement of halal certification governance. This includes an analysis of the registration system, the separation of facilities, and the role of related institutions. The approach employed is descriptive qualitative, with the methods comprising field observation, interviews, and legal document review. The results demonstrated that the Ciroyom abattoir has consistently met the requirements of halal certification, including the separation of halal and non-halal zones and the involvement of certified slaughterhands (JULEHA). Despite the discrepancies in duration and administrative procedures between the JPH Law prior to and following the enactment of the Job Creation Law, RPH Ciroyom has demonstrated a remarkable capacity for adjustment. A review of Islamic law reveals that the practices employed in the abattoir are consistent with the principles of thaharah, halal, and saddu al-dzari'ah. This research recommends the strengthening of synergies between institutions and continuing education for slaughterhouse industry players in order to maintain halal products as a whole and on an ongoing basis. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan Undang-Undang Nomor 33 Tahun 2014 tentang Jaminan Produk Halal (UU JPH) di Rumah Potong Hewan (RPH) Ciroyom Kota Bandung, serta meninjaunya dari perspektif hukum Islam. Fokus utama penelitian mencakup implementasi regulasi setelah berlakunya Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja sebagai penyempurna tata kelola sertifikasi halal, termasuk sistem pendaftaran, pemisahan fasilitas, dan peran lembaga terkait. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode observasi lapangan, wawancara, serta telaah dokumen hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa RPH Ciroyom telah memenuhi persyaratan sertifikasi halal secara konsisten, termasuk pemisahan zona halal dan non-halal serta pelibatan juru sembelih bersertifikat (JULEHA). Meskipun terjadi perbedaan dalam durasi dan prosedur administratif antara UU JPH sebelum dan sesudah UU Cipta Kerja, RPH Ciroyom tetap dapat menyesuaikan diri dengan baik. Dari tinjauan hukum Islam, praktik yang diterapkan di RPH telah sesuai dengan prinsip thaharah, kehalalan, dan saddu al-dzari'ah. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan sinergi antar lembaga serta edukasi berkelanjutan bagi pelaku industri RPH dalam menjaga kehalalan produk secara menyeluruh dan berkelanjutan.