Jeini Ester Nelwan
Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Sam Ratulangi

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Hubungan antara pengetahuan tentang HIV/AIDS dengan pemeriksaan voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) pada ibu hamil Nining Laiya; Afnal Asrifuddin; Jeini Ester Nelwan
Hik Vol. 20 No. 2 (2026): Volume 20 Nomor 2
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/hjk.v20i2.2290

Abstract

Background: Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) is a confidential, voluntary process of pre-testing and post-testing for HIV/AIDS that helps individuals learn their HIV status early, which is crucial for prevention and treatment. VCT is crucial for pregnant women because it aims to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV, and to prevent and manage HIV-related illnesses. Purpose: To examine the relationship between knowledge about HIV/AIDS and voluntary counseling and testing (VCT). Method: This was a quantitative cross-sectional study. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, with 72 pregnant women as the sample. Data analysis used Fisher's exact test. Results: 55 participants (76.4%) had good knowledge and 17 participants (23.6%) had poor knowledge. 62 participants (86.1%) had received VCT, while 10 (13.9%) had not. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between knowledge about HIV/AIDS and voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) with p-value = 0.020.   Keywords: Knowledge about HIV/AIDS; Pregnant Women; Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT).   Pendahuluan: Voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) adalah proses konseling pre testing, konseling post testing HIV/AIDS secara sukarela yang bersifat rahasia dan secara lebih dini membantu orang mengetahui status HIV yang penting untuk pencegahan dan perawatannya. VCT penting bagi ibu hamil karena bertujuan pencegahan penularan HIV dari ibu ke anak, pencegahan dan manajemen klinis penyakit-penyakit yang berhubungan dengan HIV. Tujuan: Untuk melihat hubungan antara pengetahuan tentang HIV/AIDS dengan pemeriksaan voluntary counseling and testing (VCT). Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling, yang terdiri 72 ibu hamil sebagai sampel. Analisis data menggunakan fisher’s exact test. Hasil: Pengetahuan tentang HIV/AIDS yaitu sebanyak 55 responden (76.4%) yang berpengetahuan baik dan sebanyak 17 responden (23.6%) yang berpengetahuan buruk. Responden sebanyak 62 (86.1%) sudah melakukan pemeriksaan VCT dan sebanyak 10 (13.9%) tidak melakukan pemeriksaan VCT. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan tentang HIV/AIDS dengan pemeriksaan voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) dengan p-value= 0.020.   Kata Kunci: Ibu Hamil; Pengetahuan HIV/AIDS; Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT).
Hubungan antara tingkat stres dengan tekanan darah pada pasien rawat jalan Putri Fitrianingsi Manggas; Grace Debbie Kandou; Jeini Ester Nelwan
Hik Vol. 20 No. 3 (2026): Volume 20 Nomor 3
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/hjk.v20i3.2770

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a significant global public health problem, often referred to as the "silent killer" because it is often asymptomatic, yet it is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. At the Type B Regional General Hospital in North Sulawesi Province, cases of hypertension increased dramatically, from 405 cases in 2022 to 5,243 cases in 2024. Stress is a crucial determinant of health, as it can trigger increased blood pressure through psychophysiological mechanisms. Purpose: To analyze the relationship between stress levels and blood pressure in outpatients. Method: This study used a cross-sectional, observational, and analytical design involving 137 outpatient respondents. The study was conducted at the Type B Regional General Hospital in North Sulawesi Province from 15th of September to 30th of October, 2025. Data on stress levels were collected using a questionnaire, and blood pressure was measured using a standard instrument. Data analysis used the Spearman's rho correlation test to determine the strength and direction of the relationship between variables in the population. Results: Respondents were predominantly of productive age (36–45 years) and female (55.5%). Univariate analysis showed that the majority of respondents had normal stress levels (72.3%) and normal blood pressure (53.3%), influenced by medication adherence. Bivariate analysis showed a significant association between stress levels and blood pressure (p=0.043) with a positive correlation (r=0.173), meaning that higher stress levels lead to higher blood pressure. Conclusion: From a public health perspective, non-pharmacological stress management programs and healthy lifestyle education are integral parts of primary health interventions to control the prevalence of hypertension in the community.   Keywords: Blood Pressure; Hypertension; Outpatients; Stress Levels.   Pendahuluan: Hipertensi merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat global yang signifikan, sering disebut sebagai “silent killer” karena sering kali tidak bergejala, namun menjadi faktor risiko utama penyakit kardiovaskular. Di RSUD Tipe B Provinsi Sulawesi Utara, terjadi lonjakan kasus hipertensi yang sangat drastis dari 405 kasus pada tahun 2022 menjadi 5,243 kasus pada tahun 2024. Salah satu determinan kesehatan yang krusial adalah stress karena melalui mekanisme psikofisiologis dapat memicu peningkatan tekanan darah. Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat stres dengan tekanan darah pada pasien rawat jalan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan studi observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross-sectional yang melibatkan 137 responden pasien rawat jalan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Tipe B Provinsi Sulawesi Utara pada bulan 15 September – 30 Oktober 2025. Data tingkat stres dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dan tekanan darah diukur dengan alat standar. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman’s rho untuk melihat kekuatan dan arah hubungan antarvariabel dalam populasi. Hasil: Karakteristik responden didominasi oleh kelompok usia produktif (36–45 tahun) dan perempuan (55.5%). Analisis univariat menunjukkan mayoritas responden berada pada tingkat stres normal (72.3%) dan tekanan darah normal (53.3%), dipengaruhi oleh perilaku kepatuhan pengobatan. Uji bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat stres dengan tekanan darah (p= 0.043) dengan arah hubungan positif (r=0.173), berarti semakin tinggi tingkat stres, maka semakin tinggi tekanan darah. Simpulan: Berdasarkan perspektif kesehatan masyarakat, penguatan program manajemen stres nonfarmakologis, dan edukasi gaya hidup sehat sebagai bagian integral dari intervensi kesehatan primer untuk mengendalikan prevalensi hipertensi di masyarakat.   Kata Kunci: Hipertensi; Pasien Rawat Jalan;Tekanan Darah; Tingkat Stres.
Faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi Chelsye Leleulya; Eva Mariane Mantjoro; Jeini Ester Nelwan
Hik Vol. 20 No. 4 (2026): Volume 20 Nomor 4
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/hjk.v20i4.2842

Abstract

Background: The high incidence of hypertension, a non-communicable disease, is a public health problem, both globally and nationally. In Manado City, hypertension has a high number of cases, particularly in the Tuminting Community Health Center area, which shows an annual increase in cases. This situation highlights the need to identify risk factors associated with hypertension to facilitate more effective prevention and control efforts. Purpose: To determine the relationship between family history, smoking habits, and physical activity with hypertension. Method: This study used a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. It was conducted at the Tuminting Community Health Center in Manado City over a three-month period, from July to September 2025. A sample of 95 respondents was selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through interviews using a questionnaire and analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results: Family history was significantly associated with hypertension (p=0.006), and smoking habits were also significantly associated with hypertension (p=0.009). Meanwhile, physical activity did not show a significant association with the incidence of hypertension (p=0.090). Conclusion: Family history and smoking habits are risk factors associated with the incidence of hypertension. Therefore, promotive and preventive efforts are needed, such as smoking cessation education, early detection in at-risk groups, and increasing public awareness regarding hypertension prevention.   Keywords: Family History; Hypertension; Smoking Habits.