Manurung, Saut Parulian
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FENOMENA HUKUM AKIBAT MEKANISME CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM DAN KEADILAN RESTORATIF DALAM PERSPEKTIF KEADILAN UTILITARIANISME Manurung, Saut Parulian
Jurnal Hukum Magnum Opus Vol 3 No 2 (2020): Agustus 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1803.541 KB) | DOI: 10.30996/jhmo.v3i2.3463

Abstract

AbstractIn this study aims to determine the legal phenomena that arise as a result of the criminal justice system, as a reflection of the development of criminal law both at the theoretical and practical level. The findings in this research are based on two approaches namely the statute approach as an approach based on the rule of law and the conceptual approach based on the conceptual approach. There are 3 (three) findings of legal phenomena in this study, namely: first, the presence of a double track system in the criminal mechanism in Indonesia. Secondly, there is a phenomenon of paradigm shifting the character of punishment in Indonesia and third, re-measuring restorative justice in the form of diversion mechanism based on the perspective of utilitarianism. In principle, crime is always closely related to criminal sanctions, but in the double track criminal system is directed at criminal actions. On the other hand, the phenomenon of paradigm shift in the character of punishment occurs in the juvenile justice system, namely the approach to criminal responsibility is done by bargaining an agreement between the perpetrators, victims and community involvement. Furthermore, measuring restorative justice based on a utility perspective, this finding found coherence between restorative justice in the form of diversion and utilitarianism. Therefore, the overall legal phenomena above are some manifestations of the legal reality that is present in the criminal system in Indonesia.Keywords: criminal paradigm shift; double track system; utilitarianismAbstrakPada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fenomena-fenomena hukum yang timbul akibat dari sistem peradilan pidana, sebagai suatu refleksi atas perkembangan hukum pidana baik pada tataran teoritis maupun praktik. Penemuan dalam penelitian didasari dengan dua pendekatan yaitu statute approach sebagai suatu pendekatan berdasarkan peraturan undang-undang dan conceptual approach yang didasari dengan pendekatan koseptual. Terdapat 3 (tiga) temuan fenomena hukum dalam penelitian ini yaitu: pertama, hadirnya double track system dalam mekanisme pemidanaan di Indonesia. Kedua, adanya fenomena pergeseran paradigma karakter pemidanaan di Indonesia dan ketiga, menakar kembali keadilan restoratif dalam bentuk mekanisme diversi berdasarkan perspektif utilitarianisme. Pada prinsipnya kejahatan tindak pidana selalu erat hubungannya dengan pidana sanksi namun dalam double track system pemidanaan diarahkan pada pidana tindakan. Di sisi lain, fenomena pergeseran paradigma karakter pemidanaan terjadi pada sistem peradilan pidana anak, yaitu pendekatan pertanggungjawaban pidana dilakukkan dengan cara bargaining kesepakatan antara pelaku, korban dan keterlibatan masyarakat. Selanjutnya menakar keadilan restoratif berdasarkan perspektif utilitis, dalam temuan ini ditemukan koherensi antara keadilan restoratif dalam bentuk diversi dengan aliran utilitarianisme. Oleh karena itu, keseluruhan fenomena-fenomena hukum tersebut diatas merupakan beberapa wujud kenyataan hukum yang hadir di sistem pidana di Indonesia.Kata kunci: double track system, pergeseran paradigma pidana, utilitarianisme
INSTITUTIONALIZING THE CONSTITUTIONAL QUESTION AUTHORITY IN THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT AND POSSIBILITY INSTITUTIONALIZING IN SUPREME COURT Manurung, Saut Parulian; Suhartono, Slamet; Nasution, Krisnadi
Jurnal Hukum Magnum Opus Vol 4 No 1 (2021): Februari 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30996/jhmo.v4i1.4318

Abstract

AbstractThis article aims to analyze and discuss the institutionalization of the idea of a constitutional question at the Constitutional Court, and the possibility of its institutionalization at the Supreme Court. The method used is a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a comparative approach. This article takes the position of "agreeing" if the idea becomes the authority of the Constitutional Court. However, from a different perspective, this article also discusses the possibility of its institutionalization through the Supreme Court. Institutionalization of the constitutional question at the Constitutional Court can at least be carried out in three ways, namely, by amending the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, revising the Law on the Constitutional Court, and through Jurisprudence. On the other side, as a role model for practice and the regulation of a constitutional question mechanism, the Austrian and German states were taken as an example. While institutionalizing the idea at the Supreme Court, theoretically, this is very prospective when referring to comparative studies with the United States, because the US Supreme Court currently has the authority to examine the constitutionality of laws. The goal, if institutionalized in the Supreme Court, is for the Supreme Court to take part in realizing law and constitutional enforcement.Keyword: Constitutional Court; constitutional question; Supreme CourtAbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membahas pelembagaan gagasan persoalan konstitusional di Mahkamah Konstitusi, dan kemungkinan pelembagaannya di Mahkamah Agung. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan statutori, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan komparatif. Pasal ini mengambil posisi “menyetujui” jika gagasan tersebut menjadi kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi. Namun, dari sudut pandang yang berbeda, artikel ini juga membahas kemungkinan pelembagaannya melalui Mahkamah Agung. Pelembagaan soal konstitusional di Mahkamah Konstitusi setidaknya dapat dilakukan dengan tiga cara, yakni dengan amandemen UUD 1945, revisi Undang-Undang Mahkamah Konstitusi, dan melalui yurisprudensi. Di sisi lain, sebagai panutan bagi praktik dan regulasi mekanisme persoalan konstitusional, negara Austria dan Jerman dijadikan contoh. Sementara melembagakan gagasan di MA, secara teoritis hal ini sangat prospektif jika mengacu pada studi banding dengan Amerika Serikat, karena MA saat ini memiliki kewenangan untuk memeriksa konstitusionalitas undang-undang. Tujuannya, jika dilembagakan di Mahkamah Agung, agar Mahkamah Agung turut serta mewujudkan penegakan hukum dan konstitusi.Kata Kunci: Mahkamah Agung; Mahkamah Konstitusi; pertanyaan konstitusi
Inconsistent Constitutional Court Decisions Resulting in Uncertainty Regarding the Legal Dispute on Regional Head Election Results in Indonesia Manurung, Saut Parulian
Lentera Hukum Vol 6 No 2 (2019): LENTERA HUKUM
Publisher : University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/ejlh.v6i2.11131

Abstract

In Indonesia, the Constitutional Court is the sole interpreter and guardian of the constitution and the decision made by this Court is expected to meet a sense of justice, utility, and legal certainty. This paper argues that there is a contradiction between two decisions ruled by the Court resulted in inconsistent constitutional interpretations. Such inconsistency can be referred to the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 072-073/PUU-II/2004 declaring the Constitutional Court to have the power to adjudicate disputes over the results of regional head elections, while on the other hand, the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 97/PUU-XI/2013 ruled this institution no longer to adjudicate disputes over the results of regional head elections by revoking Article 236C of the revised Regional Government Act No. 12/2008. In doing so, this paper analyzes the impact of such contradictory decisions on uncertainty in the legal dispute regarding regional head election results. This paper concludes that such inconsistency was caused by the application of two different approaches: the first decision applied judicial activism and the latter considered judicial restraint. Keywords: Constitutional Interpretation, Judicial Restraint, Judicial Activism.