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Combined Tithonia diversifolia-Moringa oleifera-Curcuma longa Extracts Suppress Proinflammatory Cytokines in LPS-Induced Mice Belinda Nabiila Al Faizah; Sofia Nur Cahyani; Ilyasya Kustianto; Muhammad Bintang Nirwana; Noviana Dwi Lestari; Muhaimin Rifa’i; Agung Pramana Warih Mahendra
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2026.014.02.15

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effects of a combination of Titonia diversifolia, Moringa oleifera, and Curcuma longa (TMC) extracts on the relative number of T cells and macrophages expressing proinflammatory cytokines. The mice (Mus musculus) used were male Balb/C strain mice. The TMC extract was prepared using 1000 mL of boiling water, brewed, and filtered using filter paper. The extract was administered using a syringe for 14 days at the doses described in the methods section. The mice were then injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a dose of 0.5 mg/kgBW. The injection was performed twice in five days. The mice were dissected and flow cytometry analysis was performed. The obtained data were subjected to statistical analysis. The relative number of CD68+IL-1?+ cells in the LPS group (70.84%) was significantly different from that in the normal group (27.67%). The relative number of CD68+IL-6+ cells in the LPS group (63.88%) was significantly different from that in the LPS+TMC1, LPS+TMC2, and LPS+TMC3 groups. The relative number of CD4+IL-17+ cells in the LPS group (14.22%) was also significantly different from the LPS+TMC1, LPS+TMC2, and LPS+TMC3 groups (3.83%, 7.10%, and 3.54%, respectively). The relative number of CD8+IL-17+ cells in the LPS group (65.37%) was significantly different from that in the TMC group (19.66%). The results of this study indicate that TMC extract has the potential to reduce proinflammatory cytokines and may serve as a natural candidate for controlling inflammation.