<![CDATA[This study seeks to elucidate the complexities surrounding the concept of the five pillars of the household within Mubādalah theory through the lens of Michel Foucault’s power relations. It employs a qualitative field-based design with an exploratory orientation. Data were gathered through observation, in-depth interviews with informants, and document analysis, followed by procedures to ensure the validity and credibility of the findings. The results indicate, first, that Mubādalah theory tends to presume that reciprocal relations can be established primarily through normative knowledge. As a consequence, mutual conduct is often assumed to emerge organically, without sufficient attention to the fact that shifts in power relations also require structural transformation and sensitivity to variations in family types and dynamics. Second, although the framework prioritizes reciprocity and gender justice, these ideals frequently encounter local value systems that continue to privilege gender hierarchies. In practice, this tension often renders implementation contingent upon the moral orientation of the household head. These findings suggest that reciprocity within Mubādalah cannot be adequately understood as a purely normative construct. Rather, it needs to be situated within broader configurations of social structure and intra-family power dynamics. Accordingly, there is a need to further develop a more context-responsive approach to Mubādalah, one that takes into account structural conditions, local cultural contexts, and power relations, in order to enhance its effectiveness in advancing gender justice and equality.]]>
