<![CDATA[The regulation of ethical standards for law enforcement officials in Indonesia remains dispersed across various laws and professional codes, each with different legal foundations, supervisory bodies, examination procedures, sanctions, and levels of transparency. Such fragmentation may result in inconsistent standards of ethical accountability and weaken the integration of the criminal justice system. This study aims to analyse the fragmentation of ethical regulation and enforcement among law enforcement officials and to formulate harmonised ethical standards for strengthening the integrity of Indonesia’s criminal justice system. This study employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and systemic approaches. Primary legal materials include legislation, professional codes of ethics, and official documents issued by ethics supervisory bodies, while secondary legal materials comprise books, journal articles, and relevant research. The legal materials are qualitatively analysed through legal interpretation and prescriptive legal reasoning. The findings demonstrate that differences in standards of conduct, supervisory mechanisms, examination procedures, and sanctions have resulted in sectoral ethical enforcement and inadequate inter-institutional coordination. Harmonisation does not require the uniform codification of all professional codes. Instead, it requires minimum cross-professional ethical standards encompassing integrity, independence, impartiality, accountability, transparency, prevention of conflicts of interest, protection of rights in ethical proceedings, proportionality of sanctions, and disclosure of decisions. Such harmonisation is necessary to establish consistent ethical accountability and strengthen public confidence in the criminal justice system.]]>
